This article builds on the model of regulatory intermediaries by incorporating insights from the field of legal hermeneutics about the process through which the meaning of a legal rule emerges. It describes how intermediaries can take on a jurisgenerative role in the development of legal rules through their interpretation of legal rules. This role is demonstrated through an analysis of social audits from Chinese and Vietnamese factories involved in the Fair Labor Association (FLA). The analysis illustrates how the integration of fundamental labor rights into the FLA's private Code of Conduct requires auditors to develop new interpretations of the Freedom of Association as a result of uncertainties and contradictions between legal requirements at various levels, as well as with the FLA's own rules. Through this empirical analysis, the article contributes to the literature by identifying regulatory intermediaries’ jurisgenerative capacities when they monitor fundamental labor rights referenced by private governance instruments. It further highlights why legal and regulatory governance scholars need to consider the transformative effects that transnational private labor governance may have on international labor law.
This article draws on the notion of co-production to assess the construction of transnational narratives in climate change litigation. Using the examples of recent cases from the Netherlands, Norway, and Ireland, the article identifies a common narrative regarding the temporal dimension of climate change and its governance. Litigants are shown to develop a notion of urgency for national climate policies with the help of symbols and discourses-including pathways, crossroads, milestones, thresholds and carbon budgets-in order to attribute meaning to complex models of the future climate, and the immediate responsibilities of states to limit future global warming. In response, states offer depictions of the future in which technological and economic evolutions render our current climate crisis less challenging and costly. This narrative approach helps make sense of the transnational legal strategies through which our understanding of responsibility and climate justice is unfolding.
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General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research-You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain-You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
The European Union's 2009 Renewable Energy Directive delegated to privately run 'voluntary schemes' the task of monitoring biomass production sites and ensuring their compliance with the Directive's sustainability requirements. This chapter assesses the consequences of the Commission's delegation for the administrative governance architectures of non-state sustainable biofuel standards operating outside the EU, focusing in particular on the effects this governance interaction has on the involvement of vulnerable stakeholders in the governance of sustainable biofuels. Utilizing the Transnational Business Governance Interactions framework complemented by the theory of governance assemblages, this research provides a meso-level analysis of the character and effects of the EU's interaction with non-state governance schemes. Drawing on the Commission's assessment reports of the voluntary schemes with which it works, the chapter concludes that the Commission has avoided its role in reviewing the transparency of these non-state bodies, thereby stimulating the growth of a field of sustainability governance with decreasing levels of accountability and accessibility for vulnerable stakeholders.
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