Background: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a serious public health problem with poor treatment outcomes. Predictors of poor outcomes vary in different regions. Vietnam is among the top 30 high burden of MDR-TB countries. We describe demographic characteristics and identify risk factors for poor outcome among patients with MDR-TB in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), the most populous city in Vietnam. Methods: This retrospective study included 2266 patients who initiated MDR-TB treatment between 2011 and 2015 in HCMC. Treatment outcomes were available for 2240 patients. Data was collected from standardized paper-based treatment cards and electronic records. A Kruskal Wallis test was used to assess changes in median age and body mass index (BMI) over time, and a Wilcoxon test was used to compare the median BMI of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Chi squared test was used to compare categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression with multiple imputation for missing data was used to identify risk factors for poor outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using R program. Results: Among 2266 eligible cases, 60.2% had failed on a category I or II treatment regimen, 57.7% were underweight, 30.2% had diabetes mellitus and 9.6% were HIV positive. The notification rate increased 24.7% from 2011 to 2015. The treatment success rate was 73.3%. Risk factors for poor treatment outcome included HIV co-infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.94), advanced age (aOR: 1.45 for every increase of 5 years for patients 60 years or older), having history of MDR-TB treatment (aOR: 5.53), sputum smear grade scanty or 1+ (aOR: 1.47), smear grade 2+ or 3+ (aOR: 2.06), low BMI (aOR: 0.83 for every increase of 1 kg/m2 of BMI for patients with BMI < 21). Conclusion: The number of patients diagnosed with MDR-TB in HCMC increased by almost a quarter between 2011 and 2015. Patients with HIV, high smear grade, malnutrition or a history of previous MDR-TB treatment are at greatest risk of poor treatment outcome.

Health is one of the indicators of community welfare, so the community needs quality health services to meet their basic needs. To improve services and increase patient satisfaction, hospitals need to apply the Covid-19 policy in screening and service flows which are predicted to affect patient satisfaction. Aim of this study wasdetermine the effect of service quality on patient satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method in this study used a cross-sectional approach. The population was outpatients at the obstetrics and gynecology polyclinic. The sample was determined using the accidental sampling technique with a total of 360 patients. The data were analyzed to determine the most dominant factor by using a logistic regression test. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, the variables with the greatest influence on patient satisfaction are the assurance variable (95% CI 1.50-6.06 with a p-value of 0.012), empathy (95% CI 1.38-4.65 with a p-value of 0.006), and tangible (95% CI 1.04-4.08 with a p-value of 0.001). Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the dimensions of service quality and patient satisfaction. The quality of service during the Covid-19 pandemic is considered good but needs to be optimized on the dimensions of assurance, empathy, and tangible..

The study aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of premarital sex and its associated factors among bedsit-living students. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Hue city, Vietnam in 2015. Multi-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit students. Data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire at participant's room. A total of 730 students (men/women: 44.2%/55.8%, mean age: 20.9 years) were enrolled. Prevalence of premarital sex was 11.9% with an average age of first sexual intercourse at 19.8 ± 2.2 years. For premarital sex, 13.3 to 19.5% students did not have enough knowledge of reproductive health and safe sex, 34.1% agreed on different situations. Male students accepted premarital sex more than female students did (45.8% vs. 24.8%, p < 0.001,  2). Gender, age group, marital status, knowledge of consequences of premarital sex and knowledge of STDs prevention were associated with attitude and practice of premarital sex (p < 0.05,  2). The prevalence of premarital sex was comparable with recent domestic and regional data, yet implied an increased trend. Up to one-fifth of students were not equipped with enough knowledge of safe sex, therefore, reproductive and sexual health education for bedsit-living students should be reinforced.

Lower back pain is common for pregnant women. The back pain was  caused by the shift of the center of gravity towards the front as the uterus enlarges. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pregnancy exercise with the addition of Kinesio taping on low back pain in pregnant mother  at third trimester.The study used a quasi-experimental method and it was conducted in a rural area under the coverage area of a puskesmas in Kebumen District. The population in this study wasl pregnant women in the area with a total of 247 pregnant women. This study involved 36 pregnant women in the third trimester selected using a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of primiparous and multiparous, 28-36 weeks of gestation, experiencing low back pain, and no history of comorbidities and complications during pregnancy. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that pregnancy exercise with the addition of Kinesio taping had a significant effect on reducing low back pain in pregnant mother in the third trimester indicated by a P-value of 0.001.Pregnancy exercise with the addition of Kinesio taping can reduce low back pain in pregnant women in the third trimester.

Background: Facing many patients while the workers were limited prompted health workers to make a quick decision regarding health-care waste. High workload pressured health workers and put them at risk of getting diseases than others, especially diseases from medical waste that they took care. Besides, as health workers, they should be clean from bacteria or viruses that can transmit  diseases to their patients. This research aimed to investigate the factors associated with occupational safety practice of hazardous health-care waste management in Bengkulu City. Method: This cross-sectional study used a stratified random sampling technique to select 230 respondents who work as health workers to respond to a questionnaire interview. The data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to find the association between the outcomes and the independent variables. Results: The prevalence of   poor  occupational safety practice of hazardous health-carewaste management was 35.21 % (95% CI = 29.27-41.66).  The factors significantly associated with occupational safety practice of hazardous health-care waste management were; gender (p-value < 0.001), department/unit (p-value < 0.001), knowledge (p-value < 0.001), and spirituality (p-value  < 0.001). Conclusion:  gGnder, department/unit, knowledge, and spirituality were associated with occupational safety practice of hazardous health-carewaste management in Bengkulu City.