In line with the requirements of the circular economy, the European Union’s waste management legislative changes also concern the treatment of sewage sludge. Although sewage sludge production cannot be prevented, its quantities may be reduced by the synergetic effect of energy recovery via choosing a proper technology. Sewage sludge is difficult to apply as fuel alone, because of its high moisture and ash content. However, its energy use will be increased by adding suitable waste materials (different types of plastics, waste tires and paper rejects). Most recently, the thermal utilization of sewage sludge via incineration or pyrolysis has grown in importance. This article describes the fuel parameters of particular waste materials and of their blends with sewage sludge in connection with laboratory-scale thermal decomposition in an inert atmosphere, for their potential use in a semi-pilot plant pyrolysis unit. For pyrolytic application, the results of thermogravimetric analysis are needed in order to know the maximal temperature of thermal decomposition in an inert atmosphere, maximal mass losses, and weight loss rates. The samples of different thermoplastics mixed with sewage sludge, and low-density polyethylene blends with sewage sludge, had the lowest residual masses (70–74%) and the highest weight loss rates (11–19%/min). On the other hand, the blend of polyester rejects from tire processing, paper rejects and sewage sludge had the second highest residual mass (60%) and the lowest weight loss rate (3%/min).
This paper considers the demineralization of mine water using a lab-scale electrodialysis unit EDR-Z/10-1.0. Experiment were carried out on real mine water from Jeremenko water pit complex (DIAMO s.p., ODRA Ostrava branch, Czech Republic). These mine water greatly affect surface water quality, especially high concentration of dissolved solids, sulfates and chlorides. Aim of research was to treatment of mine water to quality corresponding with legislative limits for surface water. Electrodialysis tests were conducted in the batch and feed-and-bleed modes. It was demonstrated that electordialysis is good way for mine water treatment.
The paper deals with treatment of wastewater produced by the energy industry using a membrane processes (electrodialysis). Prior to application of this technology, the influence of wastewater on the chosen type of membranes is solved. Specifically, it means eliminating the influence of formation soluble (insoluble) salts which could negatively affect water treatment by the chosen technology. The paper also summarizes the results of laboratory tests of electrodialysis with the aim to acquire treated wastewater of such quality meeting legislative limits for discharges to surface water (i.e. total dissolved solids below 1g.l -1 ).
AbstraktPříspěvek se zabývá problematikou úpravy odpadních vod z energetiky s využitím membránových procesů (elektrodialýzy). Před samotnou aplikací této technologie je řešen vliv chemismu upravované vody na použitý typ membrán. Konkrétně jde o eliminaci vlivu tvorby málo rozpustných (nerozpustných) solí, které by úpravu vody zvolenou technologií negativně ovlivnily. Příspěvek dále shrnuje získané výsledky doposud provedených testů elektrodialýzy se zaměřením na získání upravené odpadní vody vyhovující legislativním limitům pro vypouštění do vod povrchových (tj. rozpuštěné látky pod 1 g.l -1 )
Each mining project goes through the same life-cycle, from prospecting and exploration to closure and post-closure periods. This prompts the question whether the closure of a mine constitutes the end of its life-cycle or whether the decommissioned mine can be employed for some other purpose. Best-practice references indicate that there are many viable options. In our opinion, the production of service water is one such option. Laboratory research was carried out on the water from a flooded underground coal mine in Ostrava-Karvina coal district, Czech Republic, concerning the production of service water from pumped mine-water. The research proved the practical feasibility of service or process water production. Given the effect of global climate change with regard to water resources, good prospects for this additional resource can be assumed since the water has to be pumped in any case for safety reasons.
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