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Lipids of frontal lobe grey and white matter were examined in parallel from a normal and a diseased child (M. Niemann-Pick), both nine years of age.In the grey matter of the pathological case the following changes, although small, were found: a slight increase in all phospholipids and decreased values for nervonic acid in cerebrosides and for hydroxy fatty acids in sulphatides.White matter seemed much more affected by the disease: water content was about 6 per cent higher which corresponds to an approx. 20 per cent loss of dry substance compared with the normal brain. Further increases were observed in 'ganglioside' fraction and in all phosphatides. Cerebroside and sulphatide levels appeared decreased owing to destruction of myelin. In all of the glycerophosphatides oleic acid portions were lowered whereas in sphingolipids mainly nervonic acid values were reduced. Aldehyde content of both tissues seemed lowered in the disease, however, changes in composition were observed only in white matter, where the stearaldehyde portion of ethanolamine glycerophospholipid increased at the expense of palmitaldehyde and oleinaldehyde.

Plasma lipid fractions and blood levels of carbohydrate and fat metabolites were investigated in 12 normal menstruating women before and during 4 cycles of contraceptive treatment with a daily dose of 2.5 mg 4-14α-ethinyl-oestren-17β-ol (lynestrenol) + 0.075 mg 17α-ethinyl-oestradiol-3-methylether (mestranol). All values were determined in each subject (I) before treatment, (II) after a 3 week period of reduced food intake, (III) after 3 cycles of contraceptive treatment and free food intake, and (IV) after a fourth cycle of contraceptive treatment in combination with a second period of reduced food intake. This schedule of investigation enabled us to differentiate between the effects of diet and of contraceptive treatment. As an effect of the contraceptive we found slight but significant increases in the levels of triglyceride, glyceride-glycerol, β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and pyruvate. No significant changes in other lipids were observed. On the basis of these data it is concluded that this contraceptive treatment shows slight but definite effects on fat and carbohydrate metabolism. All values, however, were found to be within the normal range limits.

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