English Recent developments in intercountry adoption worldwide, based on a demographic analysis of trends in 22 receiving states between 2001 and 2007, are reviewed. The analysis shows a marked decline in the global number of adoptions after a steady rise from the mid-1990s to over 45,000 in 2004. French Les récents développements de l’adoption internationale dans le monde entier, observés à partir de l’analyse des tendances démographiques dans 22 pays d’accueil entre 2001 et 2007, sont passés en revue. L’analyse montre une baisse sensible du nombre global d’adoptions après une hausse constante du milieu des années 1990 jusqu’à plus de 45,000 en 2004. Spanish Se revisaron los desarrollos recientes en la adopción entre países a nivel mundial, con base en análisis demográficos de tendencias en 22 estados receptores entre 2001 y 2007. El análisis muestra un marcado declive en el número global de adopciones después de un aumento sostenido desde la mitad de los años noventa, por encima de 45,000 en 2004.
The implications of developments in intercountry adoption worldwide in the early years of the twenty-first century are explored, based on analysis of data from 20 receiving countries. Between 1998 and 2004, intercountry adoption increased by 42 per cent. Problems in data collection and analysis are examined, as is the reliability of estimates of numbers of children sent by countries of origin when derived from data provided by receiving countries. Also considered are various measures of standardization which can be used to facilitate comparison between countries and show trends over time. The potential for more detailed comparative analysis is explored.
This article examines the latest trends in intercountry adoption worldwide, based on data from twenty-three receiving countries. Trends in the number of children sent by states of origin are based on their returns to the Hague Special Commission or on estimates derived from country data provided by the receiving states. The analysis concentrates on the period from 2004 to 2010 when estimated annual global numbers declined from 45,000 to 29,000, fewer than those recorded in 1998. The article will also look at changes in the age -and other characteristics -of children sent. Discussion centres on changes in sending countries, exploring the declines in China, Russia and Guatemala, the rise in adoptions from Haiti after the earthquake of 2010 and the emergence of Africa -and in particular Ethiopia -as a significant source of children for adoption. The article concludes with a consideration of the implications of a continuing high demand from childless couples in developed countries on the intercountry adoption 'market'; and the prediction of David Smolin that, unless truly reformed, intercountry adoption will eventually be abolished and labeled as a 'neo-colonial mistake' .
In recent years a growing proportion of adoption orders have been made without the consent of the birth mother, yet the needs of these ‘non-relinquishing’ parents have received little attention. Their need for independent support, both before and after adoption, has been recognised but seldom met. Kathy Mason and Peter Selman present findings from research evaluating birth parents' experiences of contesting the adoption of their child(ren) which was carried out as part of a wider evaluation (see references) of ‘Parents Without Children’, an innovative project offering support for non-relinquishing birth parents. The project has now ended due to a lack of funding and in the last section of this article the authors argue the need for similar services to be provided on a much wider scale.
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