We investigate an inductive probe head suitable for noninvasive characterization of the magnetostatic and dynamic parameters of magnetic thin films and multilayers on the wafer scale. The probe is based on a planar waveguide with rearward high frequency connectors that can be brought in close contact to the wafer surface. Inductive characterization of the magnetic material is carried out by vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance. Analysis of the field dispersion of the resonance allows the determination of key material parameters such as the saturation magnetization M-s or the effective damping parameter a(eff). Three waveguide designs are tested. The broadband frequency response is characterized and the suitability for inductive determination of Ms-s and a(eff) is compared. Integration of such probes in a wafer prober could in the future allow wafer scale in-line testing of magnetostatic and dynamic key material parameters of magnetic thin films and multilayers
The pharmaceutical market has been quite constant and risk-oriented due to the high impact on the safety of the patient. As any change necessitates a complicated change process, this has, in consequence, lead the industry to resist changing the parenteral primary packaging material for decades. The main glasses have either been Type I borosilicate or Type III soda-lime glass. On the other hand, a combination of improved inspection systems and the development of more sensitive biologically based drugs has elevated the standards for parental packaging materials. For example, the measurement of extractables and leachables from the packaging material steadily came into focus. In this article, a new glass is presented that still belongs to the group of Type I borosilicate glasses according to all pharmacopeia. However, with some minor adjustments in the chemical composition it was possible to increase the chemical stability measurably. To prove this several studies were performed, of which the extraction study with water at 121 °C and the accelerated ageing study with water, phosphate, and carbonate buffer at 40 °C for 12 months are presented here.
Waveguide Technology is widely believed to constitute one of the most promising approaches to realize affordable Augmented Reality (AR) / Mixed Reality (MR) devices combining smallest form-factor with uncompromised image quality allowing for full immersion user experience. Optical waveguides are made from special grade glass wafers. The characteristics of such wafers are directly determining image properties, such as Field-of-View, contrast, brightness, distortion of the image projected into the user's eye and many more. We are reporting latest advances in measuring and controlling key quality parameters with focus on total thickness variation, optical homogeneity and thickness tolerance of the wafers. We discuss the impact of these parameters on image quality using optical modelling of the waveguides.
Light-guide modeling -influence of waferproperties Light-guide modeling by fast physical optics is used to find the correlation of device properties with parameters of glass wafers. This basic understanding is necessary to spot requests and resulting
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