Kehamilan memiliki efek penting pada kesehatan mulut terkait perubahan hormonal, pola makan dan perilaku. Wanita hamil menjadi sangat rentan terhadap penyakit gingiva dan periodontal. Kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil yang buruk dapat memberikan dampak seperti kelahiran prematur, dan bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh gambaran kesehatan gigi mulut ibu hamil, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mulut dan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi mulut pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Wawancara terstruktur melibatkan 34 ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Serpong. Pertanyaan meliputi karakteristik responden, tindakan pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi, keluhan atau masalah terkait kesehatan gigi, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mulut dan kunjungan ke dokter gigi pada ibu hamil. Data deskriptif di Analisis secara Bivariat menggunakan Uji ChiSquare untuk melihat hubungan sosiodemografi, masalah kesehatan gigi dan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi terhadap kunjungan perawatan kesehatan gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari setengah jumlah responden ibu hamil (52,94%) merasa keadaan kesehatan gigi mulut mereka baik dan 61,8% tidak memiliki masalah kesehatan gigi mulut. Sejumlah 55,9% responden mengaku belum pernah mendapatkan informasi mengenai pentingnya kesehatan gigi mulut selama kehamilan. Hanya sekitar 35,5% responden yang ke dokter gigi kurang dari 1 tahun yang lalu. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara masalah Kesehatan Gigi Mulut terhadap pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mulut ibu hamil dan kunjungan perawatan kesehatan gigi. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah adanya keluhan dan masalah kesehatan gigi mulut pada ibu hamil berpengaruh pada kunjungan perawatan kesehatan gigi mulut saat kehamilan dan terkait pengetahuan yang dimiliki mengenai kesehatan gigi mulut saat kehamilan.Oral Health and Dental Visit of Pregnant Women (Pilot Study in Serpong, South Tangerang). Pregnancy has a significant effect on oral health-related hormonal changes, diet and behavior. Pregnant women become very susceptible to gingival and periodontal disease. Oral health condition of pregnant women may adversely bring impacts such as preterm low birth weight (PLBW). The aim of this study is to gain an overview of oral health status, knowledge and use of dental care service in pregnant women. This was a descriptive study with cross sectional approach. The structured interviews involved 34 pregnant women in Puskesmas Serpong. The questions included the characteristics of the respondents, oral health care practice, problem related to oral health during pregnancy, oral health knowledge and dental health service utilization in pregnant women. Chi-squares test were conducted to examine bivariable relationships between sociodemographic, oral health status and knowledge to dental health services utilization. The results show that more than half of pregnant woman respondents (52.94%) descibed their oral health as good and 61.8% did not have any dental health problems. As many as 55.9% of the respondents had knowledge about the importance of oral dental health during pregnancy. Only about 35.5% of the respondents visited dentists in the last one year. There is a significant correlation between dental health problem and dental health knowledge of pregnant women to the use of dental health services. The conclusion from this study is that dental health problem in pregnant women affects the utilization of dental care during pregnancy and is associated with the knowledge about dental health during pregnancy.
ABSTRAKKesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan salah satu hal yang perlu diperhatikan selama kehamilan. Perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut selama hamil masih rendah. Kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil yang buruk dapat memberikan dampak, seperti bayi lahir prematur dan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Teori perubahan perilaku ABC berfokus antecedent, behavior, dan consequence. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi mulut ibu hamil, mengindentifikasi faktor antecedent-nya, melakukan intervensi perubahan behavior-nya (DHE), dan menganalisis consequence perilakunya. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional, melibatkan 27 ibu hamil di Kelurahan Serpong, Tangerang Selatan. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 100% (27 responden) menyikat gigi 2x/hari, 44,4% (12 responden) menggunakan obat kumur 1x/minggu dan 4% (1 responden) memeriksakan ke dokter gigi saat hamil. Faktor antecedent tidak memeriksakan ke dokter gigi saat hamil yaitu 33% tidak tahu manfaat ke dokter gigi, 26% takut ke dokter gigi, 19% merasa biaya ke dokter gigi mahal, 11% tidak merasa butuh ke dokter gigi, dan 11 takut mengganggu janin. Setelah 9 hari intervensi, 19 responden dievaluasi consequence -nya dengan hasil 90% belum ke dokter gigi, 5% telah ke dokter gigi, dan 5% tidak mau ke dokter gigi. Alasan belum memeriksakan ke dokter gigi dikarenakan waktu 52%, tidak ada yang mengantar 12%, malas 12%, takut ke dokter gigi 12%, dan belum ada dana 12%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi mulut ibu hamil didominasi pemeliharaan sendiri (sikat gigi dan kumur-kumur obat kumur), sementara pemeliharaan ke dokter gigi masih rendah dengan berbagai antecedence. South Tangerang). Oral health is one of the things that need attention during pregnancy. However, the behavior of dental and oral health maintenance during pregnancy is still low. Poor oral health conditions in pregnant women can have an impact, such as premature births and low birth weight (LBW) babies. ABC behavior change theory focuses on the antecedent, behavior, and consequence of behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine pregnant women's behavior of oral health maintenance, identify their antecedent factors, behavior change interventions (DHE), and analyze the behavior consequence. This was a descriptive research with a cross-sectional design among 27 pregnant women in Serpong Subdistrict, South Tangerang. The data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. The results show 100% (27 respondents) did tooth brushing twice a day, 44,4% (12 respondents) used mouthwash once a week and 4%(1 respondent) visited a dentist during pregnancy. The antecedent factors of not visiting a dentist during pregnancy were because: 33% did not know the benefits of visiting a dentist, 26% had fear of dentist, 19% felt that visiting a dentist was expensive, 11% did not feel the need to go to a dentist, and 11% had fear of disturbing the fetus. After 9 d...
Kehamilan dan kesehatan gigi-mulut merupakan aspek yang berkaitan satu sama lain. Ibu hamil perlu secara rutin memeriksakan kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya ke dokter gigi setiap trimester. Angka utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang ditandai dengan data kunjungan ibu hamil ke dokter gigi di Indonesia masih sangat rendah. Faktor-faktor antecendent dalam teori perubahan perilaku ABC (antecendent behavior consequences) sangat penting dalam mempengaruhi terbentuknya sebuah perilaku termasuk perilaku kunjungan ibu hamil untuk pemeriksaan ke dokter gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengindetifikasi faktor-faktor antecendent yang menyebabkan rendahnya perilaku kunjungan ibu hamil ke dokter gigi. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan di wilayah kerja puskesmas Serpong Tangerang Selatan secara cross sectional pada 27 ibu hamil, wawancara dengan kuisioner dan pemeriksaan klinis menghitung skor DMFT dan MGI (modified gingival index) kemudian dianalisis deskriptif dan statistik dengan uji chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 96% (26 responden) tidak pernah memeriksakan ke dokter gigi saat hamil. Faktor antecendent rendahnya kunjungan bumil ke dokter gigi: belum mengetahui manfaat ke dokter gigi saat hamil (33%; 9 responden), takut ke dokter gigi (26%; 7 responden), merasa mahal (19%; 5 responden), merasa tidak butuh (11%; 3 responden), takut membahayakan janin (11%; 3 responden). Rata-rata indeks DMFT sebesar 2.78 dan skor rata-rata MGI sebesar 1.00. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna skor DMFT dan MGI dari masing-masing faktor antecendent (p>0.05). Kesimpulannya dua faktor yang mempengaruhi utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut selama kehamilan adalah 1) pengetahuan dan 2) perceived need.Antecendent Affecting Utilization of Dental Services in Pregnant Women (Pilot Study at Serpong District, South Tangerang). Pregnancy and oral health are an aspect that is related to each other. Pregnant women need to regularly check oral health to a dentist every trimester. The number of utilization of dental service which is indicated by pregnant women’s dental visit data in Indonesia is still very low. Antecendent factors in ABC behavior change theory (Antecendent Behavior Consequences) are very important to influence the formation of a behavior including pregnant women dental’s visit. The objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the antecendent factors affecting the utilization of dental services during pregnancy. The preliminary research was conducted at comunity health center in Serpong district, South Tangerang with a cross sectional study. Subjects are 27 pregnant women with gestational age of 4-38 weeks.Data were collected through interview and clinical examination to find out about the score of DMFT index and modified gingival index, which was then analyzed descriptively and statistically using chi-Square test. Results: most of the respondents (96%; 26 respondents) did not visit the dentist during pregnancy. Antecendent factor of pregnant women’s dental visit: not knowing the benefits of dental visit during pregnancy (33%; 9 respondents), having fear of a dentist (26%; 7 respondents), visiting a dentist is thought to be expensive (19%; 5 respondents), having no need (11%; 3 respondents), having fear of causing harm to the fetus (11%; 3 respondents). The mean of DMFT is 2.78 ± 3.23 and the mean of modified gingival index (MGI) 1.00 ± 1.07. There were no significant differences in DMFT and MGI scores of each antecendent (p> 0.05). Conclusion: two major factors predicting the utilization of dental services during pregnancy are 1) knowledge and 2) perceived need.
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