An experimental, school-night sleep manipulation protocol can be feasibly implemented which directly tests the potential protective effects of lengthening sleep. Many short-sleeping adolescents would benefit emotionally from sleeping longer, supporting public health efforts to promote adolescent sleep on school nights.

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The objectives of this study were to identify rates of, and factors associated with, "at-risk" scores on a brief psychosocial screener among overweight/obese youth seeking weight management treatment, as well as concordance between youth and caregiver reports. A retrospective chart review of 1443 consecutive patients ages 4 to 18 years and their caregivers was conducted. Almost 1 in 4 youth with overweight/obesity presented with psychosocial symptoms in the at-risk range for significant mental health issues based on caregiver report on the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) and 1 in 6 based on youth self-report on the Youth Pediatric Symptom Checklist (Y-PSC). Concordance between caregiver and youth was fair (agreement 24% to 40%). Higher scores were associated with male sex and older age on the PSC and with indication of depressive disorder in the electronic medical record on the Y-PSC. Conducting a brief psychosocial screen in comprehensive weight management programs is feasible and clinically indicated.

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Children's National Medical Center. RATIONALE: Early dietary introduction of certain allergenic foods before 6 months of age may decrease food allergy (FA) incidence. Considering racial differences in US FA prevalence, this study characterizes timing of peanut, egg, and milk introduction among food-allergic Black and White children. METHODS: Black and White children (0-12 years old) with a diagnosed FA were enrolled into a prospective, multi-site, cohort study. In the intake survey, parents of children with peanut (n5182; 68 Black/114 White), egg (n5136; 99 White/37 Black), and milk (n582; 27 Black/55 White) allergies reported timing of dietary introduction of each allergenic food. Age of introduction was categorized into < _6 months, 7-10 months, and > _11 months. Pearson X 2 tests were used to compare timing of food introduction by race. RESULTS: Only 2.9% of Black children with peanut allergy were introduced to peanut at < _6 months, 8.8% between 7-10 months, and 88.2% at > _11 months, compared to White children (21.9%, 25.4%, and 52.6% respectively) (X 2 54.66; p<0.001). For milk, 25.9% of Black children were introduced at < _6 months, 18.5% between 7-10 months, and 55.6% at > _11 months, compared to White children (49.1%, 23.6%, and 27.3%) (X 2 56.52;p5.04). Finally, 10.8% of Black children were introduced egg at < _6 months, 27.0% between 7-10 months, and 62.2% at > _11 months, compared to White children (25.3%, 32.3%, and 42.4%) (X 2 55.07;p5.08). CONCLUSIONS: Peanut, milk, and egg are introduced earlier to White children compared to Black children, possibly contributing to racial differences in FA prevalence. Education on early introduction, especially the 2017 Prevention of Peanut Allergy Guidelines, may be needed.