Gadolinium tungstate (Gd 2 (WO 4 ) 3 ) has acquired much attention owing to its exclusive transport properties and excellent thermal and chemical stability. In this work, we demonstrate that two-dimensional (2D) gadolinium tungstate nanoflakes (GW Nfs) are synthesized by a coprecipitation method and represent novel architectures for efficient catalysis, which could be used in electrochemical sensing and photocatalytic degradation of the postharvest fungicide carbendazim (CBZ). The physicochemical properties of GW Nfs were studied by using XRD, Raman, TEM, EDX, and XPS, which show the formation of GW as a nanoflake-like structure with a well crystallized nature. The as-prepared GW Nfs revealed an admirable electrochemical response for CBZ detection with an LOD of 0.005 μM, a wide-ranging linear response of 0.02 to 40 μM, and a notable sensitivity of 0.39 μA μM −1 cm −2 . Furthermore, the GW-Nf-modified electrode has a good recovery for CBZ in the study of real samples such as rice and soil washed water samples. Moreover, GW Nfs have a promising photocatalytic activity for CBZ degradation. The GW Nfs could degrade CBZ at greater than 98% efficiency and mineralize above 74% of the CBZ molecules in the presence of visible light irradiation with superior stability even after many cycles. Subsequently, the electrochemical and photocatalytic mechanisms were provided in detail.

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Design and fabrication of novel inorganic nanomaterials for the low-level detection of food preservative chemicals significant is of interest to the researchers. In the present work, we have developed a novel grass-like vanadium disulfide (GL-VS) through a simple sonochemical method without surfactants or templates. As-prepared VS was used as an electrocatalyst for reduction of hydrogen peroxide (HO). The crystalline nature, surface morphology, elemental compositions and binding energy of the as-prepared VS were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical studies show that the GL-VS modified glassy carbon electrode (GL-VS/GCE) has a superior electrocatalytic activity and lower-reduction potential than the response observed for unmodified GCE. Furthermore, the GL-VS/GCE displayed a wide linear response range (0.1-260 μM), high sensitivity (0.23 μA μM cm), lower detection limit (26 nM) and excellent selectivity for detection of HO. The fabricated GL-VS/GCE showed excellent practical ability for detection of HO in milk and urine samples, revealing the real-time practical applicability of the sensor in food contaminants.

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