Nanocrystalline TiO2 and sulfur-doped TiO2 were synthesized using the sol-gel method. Tween-80,
titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), and sulfuric acid were employed as raw materials for the synthesis
of TiO2. All the synthesized samples were heated for 3 h at 500 ºC. Each cell parameter of the prepared
samples was explored by employing the Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. For
sulfur-doped TiO2 and TiO2 samples, considerable differences were observed in their cell parameters.
Under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, the phenol and remazol yellow (RY) photodegradation of the sintered
samples was analyzed. Physical properties were studied using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyzes to measure the surface area. The XRD results
confirmed that except nano-anatase, no other phase was present in any sample. The particle size range
is 10-15 nm. BET surface results showed that doping concentrations influenced the surface area. On
the samples with a larger surface area, photodegradation is superior, which coincides with a higher
doping concentration.
TiO2 preparation has been carried out with the addition of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. The sol-gel method is used in the preparation of TiO2, where TiCl4 is used as a precursor. The resulting TiO2 was characterized using XRD, FTIR, XRF and SEM. XRD results show the crystal size of TiO2 17.75 nm with the rutile phase. The FTIR results show a broad absorption band between 800 and 400 cm−1 by Ti–O vibrations in the crystal lattice. The XRF results showed that the TiO2 content was 80.80%. Morphological results showed an irregular ball-like structure that was less aggregated. The characterization results show that TiO2 can be used as a coating on fabrics with antibacterial properties.
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