Dou, S. (2016). Nitrogen-doped graphene ribbon assembled coresheath MnO@Graphene scrolls as hierarchically ordered 3D porous electrodes for fast and durable lithium storage. Advanced Functional Materials, 26 (43), 7754-7765. Nitrogen-doped graphene ribbon assembled core-sheath MnO@Graphene scrolls as hierarchically ordered 3D porous electrodes for fast and durable lithium storage AbstractGraphene scroll is an emerging 1D tubular form of graphitic carbon that has potential applications in electrochemical energy storage. However, it still remains a challenge to composite graphene scrolls with other nanomaterials for building advanced electrode configuration with fast and durable lithium storage properties. Here, a transition-metal-oxide-based hierarchically ordered 3D porous electrode is designed based on assembling 1D core-sheath MnO@N-doped graphene scrolls with 2D N-doped graphene ribbons. In the resulting architecture, porous MnO nanowires confined in tubular graphene scrolls are mechanically isolated but electronically wellconnected, while the interwoven graphene ribbons offer continuous conductive paths for electron transfer in all directions. Moreover, the elastic graphene scrolls together with enough internal voids are able to accommodate the volume expansion of the enclosed MnO. Because of these merits, the asbuilt electrode manifests ultrahigh rate capability (349 mAh g−1 at 8.0 A g−1; 205 mAh g−1 at 15.0 A g−1) and robust cycling stability (812 mAh g−1 remaining after 1000 cycles at 2.0 A g−1) and is the most efficient MnO-based anode ever reported for lithium-ion batteries. This unique multidimensional and hierarchically ordered structure design is believed to hold great potential in generalizable synthesis of graphene scrolls composited with oxide nanowires for mutifuctional energy storage.Keywords core-sheath, mno@graphene, nitrogen-doped, ordered, 3d, porous, electrodes, fast, durable, graphene, scrolls, hierarchically, lithium, storage, assembled, ribbon Disciplines Engineering | Physical Sciences and Mathematics Publication DetailsZhang, Y., Chen, P., Gao, X., Wang, B., Liu, H., Wu, H., Liu, H. & Dou, S. (2016). Nitrogen-doped graphene ribbon assembled core-sheath MnO@Graphene scrolls as hierarchically ordered 3D porous electrodes for fast and durable lithium storage. Advanced Functional Materials, 26 (43), 7754-7765. AuthorsYun Zhang, Penghui Chen, Xu Gao, Bo Wang, Heng Liu, Haobin Wu, Hua-Kun Liu, and Shi Xue Dou This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow.edu.au/aiimpapers/2275 1 PUBLISHED TITLE -"Nitrogen-doped graphene ribbon assembled core-sheath MnO@Graphene scrolls as hierarchically ordered 3D porous electrodes for fast and durable lithium storage" Engineering 3D Hierarchical Anode Configuration Based on Nitrogen-Doped Graphene-Scrolled MnO Coaxial Nanocables for Superior Lithium StorageHao Wu, Penghui Chen, Yi Guo, Bo Wang, Wenjing Liu, Heng Liu, Yun Zhang, Shixue Dou, and Huakun Liu Keywords: hierarchical structure; graphene scrolls; nitrogen doping; MnO n...

The incidences of presbycusis and dementia are high among geriatric diseases. Presbycusis is the general term applied to age-related hearing loss and can be caused by many risk factors, such as noise exposure, smoking, medication, hypertension, family history, and other factors. Mutation of mitochondrial DNA in hair cells, spiral ganglion cells, and stria vascularis cells of the cochlea is the basic mechanism of presbycusis. Dementia is a clinical syndrome that includes the decline of cognitive and conscious states and is caused by many neurodegenerative diseases, of which Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common. The amyloid cascade hypothesis and tau hypothesis are the two major hypotheses that describe the AD pathogenic mechanism. Recent studies have shown that deposition of Aβ and hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein may cause mitochondrial dysfunction. An increasing number of papers have reported that, on one hand, the auditory system function in AD patients is damaged as their cognitive ability declines and that, on the other hand, hearing loss may be a risk factor for dementia and AD. However, the relationship between presbycusis and AD is still unknown. By reviewing the relevant literature, we found that the SIRT1-PGC1α pathway and LKB1 (or CaMKKβ)-AMPK pathway may play a role in the preservation of cerebral neuron function by taking part in the regulation of mitochondrial function. Then vascular endothelial growth factor signal pathway is activated to promote vascular angiogenesis and maintenance of the blood–brain barrier integrity. Recently, experiments have also shown that their expression levels are altered in both presbycusis and AD mouse models. Therefore, we propose that exploring the specific molecular link between presbycusis and AD may provide new ideas for their prevention and treatment.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are the predominant oligodendrocyte-lineage stage in the cerebral hemispheres of neonatal rat. Prior studies have shown that OPCs are highly vulnerable to hypoxic-ischemic injury, yet the mechanisms are not well understood. P2X 7 receptor (P2X 7 R) is an ATP-gated ion channel that has unusual properties and plays very complex roles in a variety of neuropathologic conditions. However, little is known about the involvement of P2X 7 R in OPCs development and injury. The present study was aimed at examining the presence of P2X 7 R in OPCs and evaluating the change of the receptor expression after hypoxia ischemia. Using Immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis, we demonstrated that OPCs expressed P2X 7 R in vitro and in vivo. Activation of P2X 7 R in OPCs in response to 3 0 -O-(4-benzoyl) benzoyl-ATP (BzATP) led to an increased mobilization of intracellular calcium [Ca 21 ]i, formation of large pores and cell death. These functional responses were sensitive to pretreatment of cells with the P2X 7 R antagonist, Brilliant Blue G (BBG, 100 nM), which was a selective antagonist for P2X 7 R in nanomole range. A decrease in P2X 7 R expression was observed in cultured OPCs after exposure to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 2 h in vitro. Using a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury model in postnatal 3 rats, the similar downregulation was also detected in ischemic cerebral cortex, subcortical white matter and hippocampus compared with sham operation controls. In conclusion, the present data demonstrated that OPCs expressed functional P2X 7 R. The post-ischemic downregulation of P2X 7 R suggested a role for this receptor in the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. V V C

No abstract