Introduction: In this study, we aimed to determine the factors associated with hypertension, known poorly controlled hypertension and newly diagnosed hypertension in 2015 in order to improve the prevention of this pathology in our country. Materials and Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the national WHO STEPwise survey database. It was quantitative, descriptive with an analytical aim. The sampling was done in stratification in three stages of sampling. Statistical analysis was performed using Rstudio 4.0.2 software. It was a descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis using binomial logistic regression for explanatory purposes. Results: The risk factors for being hypertensive among 18-70-year-olds in Senegal in 2015 are: having taken their blood pressure at least once in their life, having taken their cholesterol levels at least once in their life, having received advice to reduce salt consumption, have received advice on how to reduce the amount of sugar, be lean BMI, overweight, obesity III, be between 35-39 and 65-70 years old. The protective factors are: checking the salt content indicated on the labels, Consuming salt-rich dishes “often” compared to “never”, The risk factors for being newly diagnosed with hypertension among 18-70-year-olds in Senegal in 2015 are: having a history of stroke, having a resting heart rate greater than 80 beats per minute, consuming palm oil, have high fasting blood sugar. The protective factors are: Having a high average number of meals eaten per week not prepared at home, checking the salt content indicated on the labels, and being of the female sex. The risk factors for being known to have poorly controlled hypertension among 18-70-year-olds in Senegal in 2015 are: judging their reduction in salt consumption “Very important”, and having received advice to reduce their salt consumption. The protective factors are: performing physical activity only when traveling and limiting the consumption of salty-ready meals. Conclusion: Senegalese family cooking exposes to hypertension, small actions limiting salt consumption strongly protect against hypertension, and simple physical activity during travel strongly protects against hypertension, but the health system is very little proactive in the primordial and primary prevention of hypertension.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases constitute the deadliest pathology in the world with 31% of global mortality in 2018. This is how we felt it necessary to conduct a study on cardiovascular diseases in emergency units of Senegal, more precisely in Dakar, in order to know epidemiological profile of these patients. Methods: The study setting was the reception and emergency units of the Hôpital de Pikine and Hôpital Principal de Dakar. This was an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical aim to search for factors associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. The study ran from January 25th to February 5th, 2018 at the Hôpital de Pikine and from February 25th to March 5th, 2018 at Hôpital Principal de Dakar. The source population consisted of patients over 18 years of age and not in a state of pregnancy, who were been received there and had given their free and informed consent to participate in the survey. A representative sample had drawn and a consecutive recruitment of eligible patients were been carried out. The data collection tools were been based on the WHO STEPwise survey questionnaire. Data collection was been carried out in accordance with ethical rules. Results: The study involved 615 patients. The proportions of sedentary lifestyle, low daily consumption of fruits/vegetables, overweight and obesity were 72.4%, 96.4%, 22.7% and 17.3% respectively. This was 55.
Introduction: The study focused on knowledge attitudes and practices vis-à-vis smoking. It was carried out by the 2020 executive office of the Collective of Burkinabé Students in Health in Senegal on World No Tobacco Day 2020. The objective was initially to assess attitudes and practices in relation to smoking smoked by industrial cigarettes and shisha then knowledge of the anti-smoking law and the possibilities of weaning that exist in Senegal and finally to know the best attitude to fight against smoking. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study for analytical purposes. The sampling technique was voluntary and data collection was self-administered and took place from Monday May 25th to Saturday May 30th, 2020 via electronic questionnaires. The self-administered data collection technique reduced prevarication and social desirability bias. However, the lack of preliminary calculation of a sample size makes inferences in the general population difficult. The sampling technique that was voluntary exposes itself to self-selection biases. Nevertheless, the study does suggest some very important aspects of smoking among young people. Results: This study shows that shisha is increasingly becoming the gateway to smoking among young people. It reveals that the health warnings on industrial cigarette packages are less and less dissuasive. It also shows that our study population believes that the two priority actions to be carried out to fight effectively against smoking in Senegal are on the one hand "to improve the offer of help for smoking cessation" and on the other hand " rigorously apply the punitive aspects of the anti-smoking law”. Conclusion: Smoking is a global epidemic that increasingly affects young people. Tobacco control is multidimensional and requires perfect synchronization of the different actors and continuous assessment of the effectiveness of control and prevention methods. Keywords: Cigarette, Shisha, Youth, Anti-tobacco control, Senegal
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