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The Ashele Cu-Zn deposit is a typical VMS deposit in Chinese Altay located in the southern margin of the Altaid orogen. The deposit occurred in the polyphase fold system, and the main orebody is located at the hinge of the syncline. All orebodies show lenticular form, and are stratabound by a suite of early to middle Devonian bimodal volcanic rocks. The hosting basalt is low K tholeiite and characterized with high Mg, Fe, Ca and low K, Ti. These basalts show flat REE pattern with Ce negative anomaly (Ce/Ce* 0.73-0.76). Niobium, Ta, Zr, Hf are depleted and Rb, Ba, Th, U, Sr, Pb are enriched with respect to the N-MORB. Both the Sr and Nd isotopes show depleted properties, while the ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr)i and the eNd(t) range from 0.70469 to 0.70488 and 4.6 to 5.3, respectively. All geochemical and isotopic data from the hosting basalt show that it originates from an island arc source. We also report the S isotope data from the massive orebody, and d 34 S‰ change from 1.8‰ to 5.6‰. The S isotope data provide evidence that the sulfur originates from a mixing source between magma and seawater sulfate. We propose that the mafic magma provides the ore-forming metal and some percentage of sulfur, while it also acts as a heat engine which makes the fluids leach the metal from the underlying volcanic rocks. Combining the geological characteristics of the Ashele and geochemical data, and comparing with other Cu-Zn VMS deposits in the world, we propose that Ashele formed in a rifted arc setting.

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Data-driven epoch, the development of machine learning (ML) in materials and device design is an irreversible trend. Its ability and efficiency to handle nonlinear and game-playing problems is unmatched by traditional simulation computing software and trial-error experiments. Perovskite solar cells are complex physicochemical devices (systems) that consist of perovskite materials, transport layer materials, and electrodes. Predicting the physicochemical properties and screening the component materials related to perovskite solar cells is the strong point of ML. However, the applications of ML in perovskite solar cells and component materials has only begun to boom in the last two years, so it is necessary to provide a review of the involved ML technologies, the application status, the facing urgent challenges and the development blueprint.

In this paper, we introduce an economic electrothermal timing steamer for common Carius tube Os in situ distillation. It is suitable for analysing several batches of samples. Its configuration allows the Carius tubes to be properly fixed and bathed in steam into which the tubes are immersed. The top of each Carius tube is sealed with a stretchy rubber head through which a pair of teflon tubes pierce, serving as inlet and outlet for clean air and OsO 4 respectively. At steam temperatures of 99-100 C, OsO 4 in the sample solutions inside the Carius tubes is evaporated out and subsequently carried by clean air to the trapping water in an ampoule bottle, immersed in a box filled with ice. In the present study the steamer allowed for the convenient, efficient and simultaneous distillation of Os from seven samples with near ninety percent recovery. The blank values were 0.42 AE 0.15 pg and 0.26 AE 0.05 for 187 Os and 187 Os/ 188 Os (n ¼ 4). The dating results of reference materials (RMs) namely Henderson, HLP and JDC were in accordance with reference and certified values within the range of uncertainties. The special steamer has successfully been used in the analysis of pyrite samples for the distillation of Os.

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