To explore the risk factors related to the recurrence of common bile duct stones (CBDS) after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), so as to provide reference for reducing the recurrence of CBDS after ERCP. The clinical data of 385 patients with CBDS treated by ERCP from March 2012 to May 2016 were collected. According to the diagnostic criteria of recurrence of CBDS, the patients were divided into recurrence group and control group. The general information of the patients, personal history, past history, and surgical-related information were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed on the collected data to identify risk factors for recurrence of CBDS after ERCP. A total of 262 patients were included in the study, of which 51 had recurrence of CBDS, with a recurrence rate of 19.46%. Multivariate Logistic analysis (Table 2 ) showed greasy diet ( P = .436), history of cholecystectomy ( P = .639) and gallstone size ( P = .809) were not independent risk factor for recurrence of stones after ERCP in CBDS. But age ≥65 ( P = .013), history of common bile duct incision ( P = .001), periampullary diverticulum ( P = .001), common bile duct diameter ≥1.5 cm ( P = .024), ERCP ≥2 ( P = .003), the number of stones ≥2 ( P = .015), the common bile duct angle ≤120° ( P = .002) and the placement of bile duct stent ( P = .004) are important independent risk factor for recurrence of stones after ERCP in CBDS. This study confirmed that ag ≥65, history of choledochotomy, periampullary diverticulum, diameter of common bile duct (≥15 mm), multiple ERCP, the number of stones ≥2, stent placement and angle of common bile duct < 120° were independent risk factors for recurrence of CBDS after ERCP.

BackgroundSome epidemiological studies have suggested that vitamin E intake reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer; however, this conclusion has not been supported by all the published studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between vitamin E intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer by combining the results from published articles.Material/MethodsWe searched the published studies that reported the relationship between vitamin E intake and pancreatic cancer risk using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases through December 31st, 2014. Based on a fixed-effects or random-effects model, the RR and 95% CI were used to assess the combined risk.ResultsIn total, 10 observational studies (6 case-control studies and 4 cohort studies) were included. The overall RR (95% CI) of pancreatic cancer for the highest vs. the lowest level of vitamin E intake was 0.81 (0.73, 0.89). We found little evidence of heterogeneity (I2=19.8%, P=0.255). In the subgroup analyses, we found an inverse association between vitamin E intake and pancreatic cancer risk both in the case-control and cohort studies. Additionally, this inverse association was not modified by different populations.ConclusionsIn our meta-analysis, there was an inverse association between vitamin E intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer. A high level of vitamin E might be a protective factor for populations at risk for pancreatic cancer.