To explore the risk factors related to the recurrence of common bile duct stones (CBDS) after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), so as to provide reference for reducing the recurrence of CBDS after ERCP. The clinical data of 385 patients with CBDS treated by ERCP from March 2012 to May 2016 were collected. According to the diagnostic criteria of recurrence of CBDS, the patients were divided into recurrence group and control group. The general information of the patients, personal history, past history, and surgical-related information were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed on the collected data to identify risk factors for recurrence of CBDS after ERCP. A total of 262 patients were included in the study, of which 51 had recurrence of CBDS, with a recurrence rate of 19.46%. Multivariate Logistic analysis (Table 2 ) showed greasy diet ( P = .436), history of cholecystectomy ( P = .639) and gallstone size ( P = .809) were not independent risk factor for recurrence of stones after ERCP in CBDS. But age ≥65 ( P = .013), history of common bile duct incision ( P = .001), periampullary diverticulum ( P = .001), common bile duct diameter ≥1.5 cm ( P = .024), ERCP ≥2 ( P = .003), the number of stones ≥2 ( P = .015), the common bile duct angle ≤120° ( P = .002) and the placement of bile duct stent ( P = .004) are important independent risk factor for recurrence of stones after ERCP in CBDS. This study confirmed that ag ≥65, history of choledochotomy, periampullary diverticulum, diameter of common bile duct (≥15 mm), multiple ERCP, the number of stones ≥2, stent placement and angle of common bile duct < 120° were independent risk factors for recurrence of CBDS after ERCP.