The purpose of this study was to determine the effects and social validity of an innovative method of self-monitoring for middle school students with high-incidence disabilities in inclusive settings. An updated self-monitoring procedure, called CellF-Monitoring, utilized a cell phone as an all-inclusive self-monitoring device. The study took place in an inclusive middle school classroom in central Florida with two students with high-incidence disabilities. A multiple baseline across participants single-subject design was employed. Results indicate that the CellF-Monitoring procedure is effective and socially valid. Limitations of the study are identified and opportunities for future research are discussed.

Ethnic minority disproportionality has been a topic of extensive discussion and research for many years. In 1997, Artiles, Trent, and Kuan conducted a seminal review of the special education research literature to identify how often researchers report and disaggregate data in ways that would support conclusions about specific ethnic minority groups. These authors found alarmingly low rates of publication on identifiable minority groups. The purpose of this review is to replicate the work of Artiles et al. and extend this literature analysis to the subsequent 15-year period (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009). We found increases in the proportion of articles reporting ethnic minority information 15 years following the Artiles et al. publication. Discussion focuses on the gap in our knowledge of evidence-based practices for ethnic minority students in special education. About the AuthorsEleazar Vasquez III is an assistant professor at the University of Central Florida where he teaches and conducts research for the Department of Child Family and Community Sciences. His research focuses on the evaluation of academic and behavioral outcomes from instructional innovations, measurement validity, technology implementation to increase efficiency in teaching, behavior analysis, and culturally and linguistically diverse students. Timothy A. Slocum is an associate professor at Utah State University. His research focus is on evaluation of academic outcomes from instructional innovations, measurement validity, direct instruction, reading disabilities, reading instruction, and alternate assessment.Lee Mason is a doctoral student at Utah State University. Breda V Okeeffe is a postdoctoral fellow at

This study examined the potential impact providing transition services early had on the vocational outcomes achieved by young adults with intellectual disability. Two groups were compared: 7,520 individuals from states requiring transition services be addressed in individualized educational programs (IEPs) by age 14 and 7,520 individuals from states requiring transition services be addressed by age 16. Individual from both groups were matched based on seven demographic variables. Results found that, in each of the 4 years (2007-2009) examined, individuals from the early transition states were more likely to be employed by the time their cases were closed than their matched peers from the later transition states. Specifically, over this 4-year period, 58.8% of participants from the early transition states became employed compared with 45.6% for individuals from later transition states.

Self-monitoring is regarded throughout the literature as an effective classroom intervention. Researchers have used self-monitoring interventions to improve school-related behavior of students with varying disabilities across a variety of settings. Although research supports the use of self-monitoring, traditional self-monitoring techniques may be unappealing to students and inefficient for use in the classroom. Cell phones hold great promise for increasing the acceptability and efficiency of self-monitoring interventions. The purpose of this article is to describe a self-monitoring technique that incorporates cell phones and text messages. We provide step-by-step instructions for setting up and implementing CellF-Monitoring in a classroom.

Academic engagement (AE), operationalized as both active and passive on-task behaviors, has been recognized as an essential contributor to school achievement (Greenwood, Terry, Marquis, & Walker, 1994; Shapiro, 2004). Low AE has not only been shown to negatively influence a student's ability to learn but also has the potential to negatively affect other students in the classroom, and the teacher. While a myriad of interventions for increasing AE have been studied (e.g., teacher-directed contingency interventions, opportunities-to-respond, or function-based interventions), instructor led supports have shown increased teacher stress and student dependence (Briesch & Chafouleas, 2009b). Therefore, student-managed interventions (sometimes referred to as selfmanagement interventions) offer additional advantages by shifting the burden of implementation away from teachers and onto students. One common approach utilized within self-management interventions involves increasing selfmonitoring (SM) skills, or the ability to reflect and rate one's own behaviors. SM interventions typically consist of a cue (e.g., audio tone) that directs the participant to measure, through selfreflection, and record, through self-rating, their behaviors. More than 40 years of research suggest SM interventions have been beneficial for a variety of outcomes across subject areas, ability levels, and differing ages (e.g., Briesch & Chafouleas, 2009b). In addition, including contingent reinforcement has been shown to amplify the effects of SM (e.g., Graham-Day, Gardner, & Hsin, 2010). This abundance of support, however, does not eliminate the need for future research. In particular, SM interventions are constantly evolving due to the integration of technology, creating a need for continuous research. Several devices (e.g., the MotivAider, repeat timers) have been used in the SM literature to cue students to reflect and rate their behavior with positive results indicated for students identified with autism spectrum disorder and emotional and behavioral disorder (EBD

Today there is widespread ownership of mobile technology, including mobile phones, tablets, Chromebooks, among school-aged youth. To wit, researchers report that nearly 70% of 8- to 18-year-olds own their own mobile device. In parallel with increased accessibility and usage, researchers in various fields of education have begun to explore how mobile technology can impact teaching and learning. In this chapter, the work of pioneering scholars in the area of emerging technology in K-12 education are discussed. Next, a description is provided of the current scientific knowledge on the ways in which mobile technologies are used by students in K-12 education. Then, important research is reviewed that highlights the added effects of mobile technology to support non-traditional learners. Lastly, recommendations for future lines of investigation and further reading are discussed.

Students at-risk or identified with behavioral disorders often present complex challenges to educators. The purpose of this chapter is to: (a) highlight the benefits and challenges of using mobile technologies within school-based contexts; (b) provide a brief overview of the contemporary research regarding the use of mobile devices for improving the outcomes of students with behavioral disorders within schools; and (c) offer essential techniques, methods, and ideas for improving instruction and management for students with behavioral difficulties via mobile technologies. Taken together, the intent is to call attention to the evidence that supports the use of mobile technologies for students who are at-risk or identified with behavioral disorders in schools, raise awareness of those strategies that appear to be the most effective for such students and assist service providers in providing accountable education.

No abstract