<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is the most common non-IgE-mediated food allergy and it varies between 4% and 8% in infants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential association between FPIAP in infants and maternal daily consumption of homemade fermented foods (FFs) during pregnancy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Two hundred and seven infants were included in this case-control study, 106 with physician-diagnosed FPIAP (FPIAP group) and 101 age- and gender-matched healthy infants (control group), together with their mothers. The frequency and diversity of the 8 most consumed homemade FFs in traditional Turkish cuisine and daily maternal consumption of these during pregnancy were evaluated retrospectively using a structured questionnaire. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Rates of vaginal delivery, maternal smoking during pregnancy, educational status, and monthly household income were higher in the FPIAP group than the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.046, <i>p</i> = 0.014, <i>p</i> < 0.001, and <i>p</i> = 0.009, respectively). The 3 most common daily-consumed FFs during pregnancy were, in order, yogurt, cheese, and tarhana. The diversity of daily-consumed FFs during pregnancy (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and the consumption of the 3 most common FFs (<i>p</i> = 0.011) were lower in the FPIAP group than in the control group. Maternal smoking during pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]: 2.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–7.41, <i>p</i> = 0.019) and a higher maternal educational status (OR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.63–6.84, <i>p</i> = 0.001) increased the risk of FPIAP at multivariate logistic regression, while the diversity of maternal FF consumption was protective against FPIAP (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58–0.96, <i>p</i> = 0.025). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Daily maternal consumption of yogurt, cheese, and tarhana during pregnancy was less common in FPIAP. The diversity of traditional Turkish homemade FFs may reduce the risk of FPIAP, whereas maternal smoking and a higher maternal educational status were associated with an increased risk of FPIAP.
Hastalık ve hastanede yatma çocuk ve ailesi için anksiyeteye neden olan önemli bir deneyimdir. Anksiyete, çocuğun hastalık ve tedavisine yönelik uyum sürecini olumsuz etkiler ve iyileşme hızını yavaşlatarak hastanede yatış süresini uzatabilir. Çocuk servislerinde çalışan hemşireler, çocukta ve ailede hastalıktan/hastaneye yatmaktan kaynaklanan olumsuz duyguları önlemek ya da azaltmak için farklı yöntemler kullanmalıdır. Bu yöntemlerden biri atravmatik bakım yaklaşımıdır. Atravmatik bakımın ilkeleri arasında, fiziksel stresörleri azaltmak ya da en aza indirmek, çocuk-ebeveynin ayrılmasını önlemek ve kontrol duygusunu desteklemek yer alır. Hemşirelik bakımında atravmatik bakım yaklaşımını kullanmak çocuğun hastalık/hastaneye olan uyumunu kolaylaştırır, ağrı veren işlemlerin ve anksiyetenin azaltılmasına katkı sağlar. Aynı zamanda ailenin desteklenmesini, güçlendirilmesini ve gereksinimlerinin karşılanmasını sağlar. Bu kapsamda çocuk servislerinde çalışan hemşirelerin atravmatik yaklaşım hakkında bilgi sahibi olması ve bakımlarında kullanmaları önerilmektedir. Bu derlemede pediatri hemşireliğinde atravmatik bakım yaklaşımının kullanımı ile hastanede yatan çocuğun ağrısını, çocuk ve ailenin anksiyete ve stresini azaltmaya yönelik farmakolojik olmayan uygulamaların etkileri literatür ışığında sunuldu.
Nursing, especially pediatric nursing is a profession that can be physically and emotionally taxing. 1 Nurses are among the workers who are at risk of compassion fatigue, burnout, and occupational satisfaction, due to their professional roles, which include working at nights, bearing a heavy workload, always having to ORİJİNAL ARAŞTIRMA ABS TRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the liking of children level of pediatric nurses and their compassion fatigue, burnout and occupational satisfaction levels. Material and Methods: This correlational study was conducted with 536 nurses who worked in the emergency, intensive care and pediatric units of six hospitals in four provinces in western Turkey between January and September 2017. Data were collected using a questionnaire form, the Barnett Liking of Children Scale, and the Professional Quality of Life Scale (burnout, compassion fatigue, and occupational satisfaction subscales). Data collection forms were filled out based on the nurses' self-reports. Data analyses were performed using the descriptive statistics and the Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The participants' mean age was 32±7.40 years, and their liking of children, burnout subscale, compassion fatigue subscale and occupational satisfaction subscale mean scores were 86.51 (min-max=74-94), 24 (min-max=21-29), 24 (min-max=21-28), and 39 (min-max=32-41), respectively. The analyses showed a very weak negative relationship (r=-0.177; p<0.001) between liking of children and compassion fatigue, a weak negative relationship (r=-0.398; p<0.001) between liking of children and burnout, and a positive moderate relationship (r= 0.516; p<0.001) between liking of children and occupational satisfaction. Conclusion: The study found that as pediatric nurses' liking of children scores increased, their occupational satisfaction also increased, and their burnout and compassion fatigue decreased. Support programs may decrease pediatric nurses' burnout and compassion fatigue and increase their occupational satisfaction, thereby increasing their liking of children.
Derleme tipinde olan bu makalenin amacı aile ve hemşirelik bakımı açısından oldukça önemli olan ailenin güçlendirilmesinin önemini, aileye, çocuğa ve sağlık çalışanlarına olan yararlarını açıklamak, uygulama adımları ve pediatri hemşireliğinde uygulanmasına ilişkin somut öneriler sunmaktır. Ailenin stresli dönemlerinde içsel ve dışsal güçlerini ortaya çıkarmayı sağlayan ailenin güçlendirilmesi hem ailelere hem de hemşirelere olumlu katkıda bulunur. Hemşireler bakımlarında hastanın ve ailenin güçlü yanlarına odaklandıklarında güçlendirme temelli bakımı başlatmış olurlar. Ailenin güçlendirilmesini önemseyen ve bu amaçla aktif rol alan pediatri hemşireleri çocuk ve ailenin gelecek için umutlarını sürdürmelerine, gereksinimlerini karşılamaya, aile işlevselliğinin devamlılığına, kaynaklara ve bilgiye ulaşmalarına yardımcı olur. Ayrıca bu yaklaşımı kullanan hemşireler, kendi benliklerini daha kolay bulur, meslekten ve yaşamdan daha fazla doyum alır, hasta ve ailesi hakkında daha kapsamlı veri toplar ve etkin bakım verir. Bu nedenle pediatri hemşirelerinin, bakım uygulamalarında ailenin güçlendirilmesi yaklaşımını benimsemeleri, ailenin güçlenmesini ölçmek için değerlendirme aracı geliştirmeleri ve bu konudaki bilgi ve deneyimlerini arttırmaları önerilir.
Aim: This systematic review aims to investigate the effectiveness of peer education in the self-management of schoolchildren and adolescents with chronic diseases. Methods: This study examined Turkish and English studies in the literature. It included experimental and quasi-experimental studies published in PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCOhost on the effectiveness of peer education given to children aged 7-18 years about self-management of their disease. As a result of the review, nine articles were included in the study. The results were tabulated and presented in a narrative. Results: The studies included 1,890 participants between the ages of 7 and 29. Some of the studies administering programs identified as "peer education programs" reported that these programs improved self-management, quality of life, well-being, feelings of happiness, academic performance, pulmonary function, self-evaluation, social support, and general communication perceptions, as well as reducing like a teak undesirable behaviours and cost. However, some studies indicated that these programs were not effective in improving the skills of coping with pain, controlling emotions, perceiving social support, self-efficacy, health-care management, quality of life, and glycemic control. Conclusion: The study results showed that peer education programs might facilitate children and adolescents in adapting to the chronic diseases in their life, increase their quality of life, satisfaction, self-management, and self-efficacy skills, improve healthy behaviours, and lessens the intensity of their bad moods and reduce hospital costs. It is recommended that pediatric nurses providing care for patients with chronic diseases learn and utilize peer education methods. Therefore, a more enjoyable education environment could be established, leading pediatric patients to participate and improve the effectiveness of these programs.
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