A series of novel ionic liquids (1-(3-aminopropyl)-3-vinyl imidazolium bromide/tetrafluoroborate) grafted onto graphene oxide-coated stainless-steel wires by a sol-gel technique were fabricated and used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers for the determination of phthalate esters (PAEs) in water and coffee by a direct immersion-SPME-gas chromatographymass spectrometry (DI-SPME-GC-MS) method. The effect of pH, stirring rate, ionic strength, extraction temperature and extraction time were examined for each home-made fiber. Under optimized conditions, the proposed method displayed wide linearity (0.01-500 μg L À 1 ), good repeatability (0.26-13.30%; n = 3), and low limit of detections (LODs, 5-30 ng L À 1 ). The homemade fibers had good durability and could be used for more than 120 sorption/desorption cycles. The fiber-to-fiber reproducibility was in the range of 1.53-4.53% for 100 μg L À 1 . The method was successfully performed on tap water, seawater and coffee samples with recoveries from 87.6 to 100.7%. The extraction efficiencies of home-made SPME fibers were satisfactorily comparable with those of PA and CAR/PDMS commercial SPME fibers.[a] Dr.
Detection of the underlying mechanisms leading to accidents resulting in fatalities and injuries is crucial to improve maritime safety. This paper examines the association between safety culture and occupational accidents in the container terminals. Within the scope of the study, six different container terminals that are situated in the Marmara Region were selected as application areas in Turkey. For the purpose of gathering information, a survey has been conducted with 134 respondents and interview has been carried out with the occupational safety specialists of ports, respectively. Collected data were analysed using SPSS 22 software to determine the safety culture level of terminals and their correlation with accidents. Data obtained from six container terminals were presented and results were discussed with respect to safety culture assessment and occupational accidents. The results highlight that the positive safety culture has a strong influence on port workers in terms of avoiding accidents. Additionally, each component related to safety culture was found in a significant correlation with the occurrences of accidents. Then again, port workers found to be rarely involved in accidents in case the safety culture level is high.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.