Objectives: This study was designed to observe the efficacy and safety of renal denervation from the inside and outside of renal arteries. Methods: Fourteen beagles were randomly divided into a control group (n = 4) and treatment group (n = 10). One renal artery in every beagle of the treatment group was randomly assigned to an intimal group (10 renal arteries) which underwent percutaneous renal denervation from the inside, and another renal artery was assigned to an adventitial group (10 renal arteries) which underwent renal denervation from the outside by laparotomy. Results: Compared with the intimal group, the renal norepinephrine (NE) concentration in the adventitial group had significantly decreased (p = 0.003) at 3 months postsurgery. Renal artery HE staining showed that the perineurium from the adventitial group appeared thickened. Western blotting showed that renal tissue tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein expression in the adventitial group was significantly lower than that in the intimal group (p < 0.01) at 3 months postsurgery. There was a renal artery stenosis and a renal atrophy in the intimal group after 1 month of follow-up. Conclusion: The inhibitory effect on renal sympathetic nerve activity was more effective in the adventitial group than the intimal group, and renal denervation in the former group was safe.

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Objectives: To examine the associations of specific types of physical exercises, dietary preferences, and obesity patterns with incident hypertension.Methods: In this cohort study, obesity patterns were defined using general and abdominal obesity as G-/A-, G+/A- or G-/A+, and G+/A+. The type of physical exercises and dietary preferences were collected using a validated questionnaire. Participants with systemic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg/90 mmHg, use of antihypertensive medications, or a self-reported diagnosis were identified as hypertension.Results: There were 10,713 participants in this study. Martial arts, gymnastics, and ping pong could decrease the risk of hypertension (HR: 0.792, 0.884, and 0.855; and 95% CI: 0.743–0.845, 0.825–0.948, and 0.767–0.953, respectively). However, TV or computer usage, and consumption of fast food, soft/sugared drinks, and salty snack food could increase incident hypertension (HR: 1.418, 1.381, 1.233, and 1.225; and 95% CI: 1.315–1.529, 1.269–1.504, 1.157–1.314, and 1.139–1.316, respectively). Obese subjects had an increased risk of hypertension.Conclusion: The type of physical exercises, dietary preferences, and obesity patterns were associated with incident hypertension. More attention should be paid to these lifestyles to benefit health outcomes.