Immune response and homeostasis mechanism following administration of BBIBP-CorV SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine

Immunodominant SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell responses elicited by inactivated vaccines in healthy adults

“…In contrast, using the same methodology, ICS, we have found that the SARS‐CoV‐2 specific CD8 + T‐cell responses were higher than CD4 + T‐cell responses post CD4 + or CD8 + T‐cell depletion (Figure ). Moreover, it was verified that CD8 + T‐cells were induced by inactivated vaccines through tetramer staining, 39 while single‐cell sequencing verified the activation of CD8 + T‐cells as well 20 . Therefore, to confirm whether specific CD8 + T‐cells were activated by the bystander phenomenon, a more detailed investigation is needed.…”

“…Moreover, it was verified that CD8 + T-cells were induced by inactivated vaccines through tetramer staining, 39 while single-cell sequencing verified the activation of CD8 + T-cells as well. 20 Therefore, to confirm whether specific CD8 + T-cells were activated by the bystander phenomenon, a more detailed investigation is needed.…”

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] Although it has been reported that T-cell responses induced by inactivated vaccines are lower than those induced by adenovirus vaccines, recombinant receptorbinding domain (RBD) vaccines, and mRNA vaccines, 19 single-cell transcriptome sequencing has confirmed that CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells were activated by BBIBP-CorV. 20 Moreover, Giuliana et al…”

“…Multiple studies have evaluated not only humoral immunity but also T‐cell responses induced by the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or vaccines such as messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, live‐attenuated virus vaccines, recombinant vaccines and others 13–18 . Although it has been reported that T‐cell responses induced by inactivated vaccines are lower than those induced by adenovirus vaccines, recombinant receptor‐binding domain (RBD) vaccines, and mRNA vaccines, 19 single‐cell transcriptome sequencing has confirmed that CD4 + and CD8 + T‐cells were activated by BBIBP‐CorV 20 . Moreover, Giuliana et al have clarified that 96% of the CoronaVac vaccinated individuals displayed T‐cell responses and/or humoral responses to SARS‐CoV‐2, comparable to 98.5% responses of convalescent subjects 21 .…”

Analysing transcriptomic signatures and identifying potential genes for the protective effect of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines

“…Recent investigations have suggested that these vaccines can induce effective immune responses among recipients with few untowards effects and greatly reduce the clinical symptoms and mortality risk of infected patients ( Tanriover et al, 2021 ; Vikkurthi et al, 2022 ). Researchers revealed that the BBIBP-CorV vaccine activated innate and adaptive immune cells at the transcriptional level after vaccination ( Yin et al, 2023 ). However, the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines at the transcriptional level are not yet fully understood.…”