The term “equity” (EQUI) is a complex concept to be defined, because it depends on many factors, mainly political ideals. The objective of this research is to determine the evolution and development of the term equity in education by the scientific community. The main objective is to identify the scientific production and performance of the term equity in the field of education. The research method developed is based on bibliometrics, specifically on the technique of scientific mapping, and a process of quantification, analysis, evaluation and estimation of scientific documents was developed. The results indicate there is no established line of research or strong connections between the themes. This shows the existing variety of research on the term equity. Thus, the trend in research on the term equity is focused on the early periods of study on the students’ diversity in order to evolve to more concrete and specific aspects of equity, such as gender and race. It is concluded that the theoretical framework of reference shows how equity should be incorporated into the education system under the parameters of equal opportunities, of equality in access to higher education, regardless of gender or socio-cultural background.
Resumen: Este trabajo se centra en la relación entre conductas disruptivas y fracaso escolar. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de los factores condicionantes, considerando percepciones del profesorado y alumnado. Metodológicamente es una investigación descriptiva-interpretativa ex-post-facto; la muestra es de 6.453 alumnos/as de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y 433 profesores/as; se aplican cuestionarios ad-hoc a alumnos y profesores y se realizan 54 entrevistas a profesionales de 39 centros de Cataluña. Los resultados indican que las conductas disruptivas se asumen como confl ictos de baja intensidad; se acepta su infl uencia en relación con el fracaso académico, considerándolas como un factor más en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, que es necesario gestionar en el aula.
RESUMEN:El presente estudio trata de identificar y valorar qué papel juegan los factores que intervienen en la manifestación de conductas disruptivas en el aula, en alumnos de un instituto público de Educación Secundaria, desde un planteamiento metodológico descriptivo-interpretativo ex post facto bajo el principio de triangulación de fuentes de información (alumnado y docentes), utilizando cuestionarios ad-hoc al efecto.El análisis estadístico comparativo de los datos cuantitativos y el análisis de contenido e interpretación de los datos cualitativos arroja resultados sobre factores del ámbito familiar, cultural y sociodemográfico, las relaciones sociales dentro y fuera del aula, el currículum, la gestión del aula y las competencias docentes, el auto-concepto de los alumnos, el rendimiento académico y los hábitos de estudio y ocio, apuntando hacia el papel del profesorado, el centro educativo y el contexto y su interrelación en la aparición de conductas disruptivas (CD) en el aula. Se sugieren implicaciones tales como las de tener presente las conductas disruptivas como indicadores de la necesidad de mejoras en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje (E-A) y adecuación de la práctica en el contexto de aula. ABSTRACT:The aim of this work is to identify and evaluate the variables that take part in the disruptive behaviours of a classroom. In particular, in the framework of a Compulsory Secondary Education. The methodology PEDRO JURADO DE LOS SANTOS -ÁLVARO LAFUENTE CARRASCO -M. DELIA JUSTINIANO DOMÍNGUEZ 220 Contextos Educ., 25 (2020), 219-236 used is descriptive-interpretative ex post facto. The method is conducted under a triangulation of data sources (students-teachers), using ad hoc questionnaires.The results obtained enlighten the interceding factors in family, cultural and socio-demographic, social relations in and out of the classroom, the selfconcept of the students, the academic marks, as well as the academic and leisure habits. Besides, the study focusses on the teachers' role, the educative center and its context and its interrelation with the disruptive behaviour appearance in the classroom. In conclusion, this work suggests the required implications such as taking into account disruptive behaviours as indicators of the need for improvements in the teaching and learning process and adaptation of the practice in the classroom context.
RESUMENEn este trabajo se conceptualizan, analizan y proponen acciones referidas a las conductas disruptivas en el nivel de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, en el contexto de Catalunya 2 . Dichas conductas pueden evidenciar procesos de inadaptación de los estudiantes que es necesario atajar, de igual manera que problematiza el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje con consecuencias para el alumnado, el profesorado y el contexto de aprendizaje. En este escenario se han analizado los factores que inciden en la aparición de las conductas disruptivas, las dimensiones implicadas y la percepción que tienen los docentes (N=433) y discentes (N=6453) a partir de cuestionarios ad-hoc y de entrevistas. Se ha utilizado un enfoque metodológico mixto 1 Correspondencia: Pedro Jurado de los Santos: Edf. G-6. Campus de la UAB. 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés) Barcelona. Spain. Correo-e: pedro.jurado@uab.cat, web: http://grupocifo.uab.cat 2 Este trabajo se encuadra en el Proyecto I+D-2010 (EDU2010-2015. Subprograma EDUC), financiado por el MICIN, titulado "La influencia de los comportamientos disruptivos en el fracaso escolar de los alumnos de ESO".
Currently, more and more teachers decide to follow active teaching methods, leaving behind traditional teaching methods. Among the most used pedagogical methods in the educational field is the collaborative learning. The general objective of the present investigation is to know the performance and academic development of the term "collaborative learning" in the documents collected in the Web of Science database. The research method developed was based on a bibliometric study, identifying academic performance and conceptual development, through a co-word analysis. Particularly, we have pursued four main objectives: (a) To determine the degree of performance of documents collected from collaborative learning; (b) to identify the scientific development of so-called collaborative learning; (c) to analyze the most incidental aspects of collaborative learning; and (d) to value the most representative authors who are experts in the use of collaborative learning. The total number of manuscripts studied is 3295. The results show the manuscripts are written mainly in English by researchers who belong from the United States. The main area of knowledge is Education Educational Research. As a conclusion, it can be said that the collaborative learning pedagogical method is at a turning point in the scientific field. Its scientific evolution, focused on its principles in the students themselves, has extended to other branches. At present, studies are oriented towards technological resources, co-regulation, and the academic achievements of students. Furthermore, in the coming years the terms innovation, design, patterns, collaboration, and communication will probably be the new lines of study in this scientific field.
RESUMENEn este artículo se presentan los resultados del estudio que analiza la adquisición de las competencias ciudadanas desde la perspectiva del estudiantado y de los tutores de formación profesional de nivel medio de las ciudades de Concepción y de Barcelona. Los objetivos son analizar la adquisición de las competencias ciudadanas de los alumnos y alumnas de formación profesional, identificar diferencias en la adquisición de las competencias ciudadanas en las ciudades de Concepción y Barcelona, así como también establecer relaciones entre las competencias ciudadanas y el mundo del trabajo. Para ello se consideró a los centros educativos que ofrecen dicha formación y que imparten las especialidades del sector secundario y terciario. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 57 participantes (29 son estudiantes y 28 tutores) las que permitieron conocer las apreciaciones de los entrevistados en torno a las competencias ciudadanas en este escenario. Los estudiantes de ambos contextos consideran importante la adquisición y desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas. Así también el currículum de formación profesional incorpora la formación ciudadana de manera transversal e implícita, como también en las asignaturas del plan general, específicamente en la asignatura de Historia y Ciencias Sociales para el caso de Chile. Las competencias para la ciudadanía se relacionan directamente con el mundo del trabajo, favorecen positivamente la inserción de los estudiantes en el mercado laboral y les permite fortalecerlas en éste mismo escenario.ABSTRACTIn this article results are presented from a study that analyses the acquisition of citizenship competencies from the perspective of students and tutors of mid-level professional training in the cities of Concepción and Barcelona. The objectives are to analyze the acquisition of citizenship competencies of the students in professional training, to identify differences between the acquisition of citizenship competencies in the cities of Concepción and Barcelona, as well as to establish relations between citizenship competencies and the working world. To this end, schools that offer this training and specialization in the secondary and tertiary sectors were considered. Fifty-seven participants (29 students and 28 tutors) were interviewed in a semi-structured manner, which enabled the interviewees' appreciations about citizenship competencies in this context to be heard. The appreciations of the students are positive and similar in both contexts, this in coherence with the approaches of the curriculum of professional formation, which incorporates citizenship training in a transverse and implicit way, as well as in the subjects of the general plan, specifically in the subject of History and Social Sciences in the case of Chile. At the same time, competencies for citizenship are directly related to the working world, favoring positively the insertion of students in the labor market and allowing them to reinforce these skills in this same scenario.
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