No abstract

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and the expression of p53, p16, E‐cadherin, COX‐2, MLH1, and MYC in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods One hundred OSCC specimens were submitted to in situ hybridization for HPV and EBV, and immunohistochemistry for detection of the human proteins. Results Thirty‐one cases showed HPV in tumor tissue. EBV was not detected in any case investigated. The HPV(+) group demonstrated an increase of staining scores for nuclear p16 (p = .047), cytoplasmic MYC (p = .002), while a decrease for nuclear MLH1 (p = .048), suggesting that HPV may upregulate the expression of the first two proteins and down‐regulate the latter. Conclusion Our findings reinforce the hypothesis of the HPV‐related oral carcinogenesis involving the expression of p16 and MYC, and MLH1 suppression. Exclusively cytoplasmic stainings for p16, MLH1, and MYC were also associated with more advanced tumors. Finally, in view of the lack of studies correlating the HPV or EBV infection to the expression of oncoproteins, more researches assessing a broader panel of markers and employing different approaches are still necessary in order to understand the role of these viruses as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of oral carcinomas.

Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of stroma and endometrial glands in extrauterine sites, which can compromise several sites. The definitive diagnosis of endometriosis is through laparotomy or laparoscopy. The objective of the present work is to analyze and evaluate the importance of laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis in the last 5 years. The present study is a systematic review of the literature, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) methodology. Of the 386 articles found, only 14 were included. The articles used show that the use of videolaparoscopy in the treatment of endometriosis is effective and has its advantages, but with some complications. One of the main factors is the delay in indicating laparoscopy, which can lead to late diagnosis and impairment of the reproductive future of these women. Resumo:A endometriose é caracterizada pela presença de estroma e glândulas endometriais em locais extrauterinos, podendo comprometer diversos locais. O diagnóstico definitivo da endometriose é por meio da realização de laparotomia ou laparoscopia. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar e avaliar a importância do tratamento videolaparoscópico da endometriose nos últimos 5 anos. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, conforme a metodologia Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Dos 386 artigos encontrados, apenas 14 foram incluídos. Os artigos utilizados mostram que o uso de videolaparoscopia no tratamento de endometriose é eficaz e tem suas vantagens, porém algumas complicações. Um dos principais fatores é a demora na indicação da videolaparoscopia pode levar ao diagnóstico tardio e ao comprometimento do futuro reprodutivo dessas mulheres.Descritores: Vantagens, Laparoscopia, videolaparoscopia e endometriose.

Objetivo: Explicar a possibilidade da cirurgia bariátrica como alternativa terapêutica no controle do Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 em pacientes com índice de massa corpórea abaixo de 35 kg/m2. Métodos: Trata-se de uma Revisão Sistemática com base em estudos randomizados e não randomizados, sobre a efetividade da cirurgia bariátrica no controle do diabetes tipo 2 em obesos leves. Foi realizada uma busca de artigos publicados em periódicos internacionais nas bases de dados: SCOPUS, Web Of Science e PubMed indexados de 2013 a 2017. Resultados: O DM 2 é um grave problema mundial de saúde pública e suas complicações microvasculares e cardiovasculares aumentam substancialmente a morbidade e a mortalidade. Hoje, a cirurgia bariátrica é a terapia de emagrecimento mais eficaz disponível e possibilita atingir níveis glicêmicos adequados em pacientes com DM2 ainda com reserva de células beta pancreáticas. Considerações finais: Concluiu-se que as pesquisas sobre o tema são recentes, sendo a mais longa efetuada num período de sete anos, seus resultados no geral mostram excelentes taxas de controle no primeiro ano de seguimento, porém conforme o passar do tempo há ainda menos estudos que acompanharam esses pacientes, e os seus resultados decaem, não sendo possível efetivamente corroborar com seus achados iniciais.

Acute cholecystitis is one of the main causes of medical care in emergencies around the world. It is defined as inflammation of the gallbladder caused mainly by obstruction of the cystic duct by stones. In a small number of patients, the inflammatory process can develop in the absence of stones, receiving the name of alitiásic cholecystitis, having a faster evolution and often evolving with perforation. Acute alitiásic cholecystitis (AAC) corresponds to 15% of cases of acute cholecystitis and mainly affects patients in severe condition and with comorbidities. Its pathophysiology is still little known, but ischemia and stasis are identified as the main causes. Its high mortality is related to biliary peritonitis due to coleperitoneum. A patient admitted to the emergency department of Hospital Regional do Cariri with acute inflammatory abdomen was diagnosed with coleperitoneum, due to AAC complication, and underwent urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with good clinical evolution in the postoperative period and early return to his activities.