-The use of ripeners has been a common practice in the sugarcane culture. The application of these products is often performed through aerial spraying, which increases the chances of drifting of the ripeners-molecules over the surrounding crops, such as maize. In order to study possible phytointoxication on maize caused by sulfometuron-methyl application, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of sulfometuron-methyl sub doses on maize when applied at the V4 and V8 development stages. The experiment was installed in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments followed a 2 x 5 factor scheme, with the first factor corresponding to development stages of maize during which the ripener was applied (V4 and V8) and the second factor was related to sulfometuronmethyl sub doses ( of sulfometuron-methyl; it was more severe when the application occurred at the development stage V8, leading the plant to death at the highest used dose. Furthermore, it was also possible to observe negative changes in the morphological and production components of maize plants. The SYN 7G17 maize hybrid is highly susceptible to sulfometuron-methyl. The occurrence of sulfometuron-methyl deposits at higher doses or at different development stages of the crop may reflect more severe phytotoxic effects than the ones observed in this study.Keywords: ripener, selectivity, Zea mays. sulfometuron-methyl (0; 0,45; 0,90; 1,35; e 1,80 g i.a. ha -1 RESUMO -O uso de maturadores tem sido prática comum na cultura da cana-deaçúcar. A aplicação desses produtos ocorre muitas vezes por meio de pulverização aérea, o que aumenta as chances de ocorrer a deriva dessas moléculas em culturas circunvizinhas, como o milho. A fim de estudar possíveis fitointoxicações no milho ocasionadas pela aplicação de sulfometuron-methyl, foi realizado um experimento em campo com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de sub doses desse maturador quando aplicado nos estádios de desenvolvimento V4 e V8 da cultura do milho. O experimento foi instalado no delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos seguiram o esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com o primeiro fator correspondente aos estádios de desenvolvimento do milho em que foi aplicado o maturador (V4 e V8), e o segundo, referente às sub doses de
Hypobaric hypoxia originates from the exposure of predominantly aerobic organisms to environments with low availability of atmospheric oxygen, however, prolonged exposures to hypoxic environments without previous experience or preparation can generate an atypical and possibly harmful physiological response to organic systems, mainly in older audiences. Thus, this study aimed to describe the main adaptive effects on cardiovascular control in hypoxic environments in elderly people with cardiovascular dysfunction. To carry out this study, a bibliographic survey was made on the virtual database Medline by PubMed, the protocol used to search for the studies was done through the selection of previously defined keywords. For the analysis of the data, the method of full description of the results of the selected works was adopted. It can be concluded that exposure to hypoxic environments directly and negatively influenced the cardiovascular regulation and cardiac behavior of the elderly, in which this episode worsened in the presence of comorbidities.
Objetivo: Descrever os efeitos adaptativos no controle cardiovascular em ambientes hipóxicos no público idoso, bem como, compreender os aspectos relacionados a essa exposição na Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva crônica (DPOC). Revisão bibliográfica: Em elevadas altitudes é comum à instalação de hipóxia hipobárica, condição na qual há uma redução significante da saturação de oxigênio arterial, condição que induz os quimiorreceptores cardiovasculares a ajustes da ventilação pulmonar na busca do reestabelecimento dos níveis normais do suprimento de oxigênio. Contudo em indivíduos com DPOC expostos a ambientes de baixa oxigenação é observado que há um agravamento do quadro, visto uma sobrecarga nos sistemas periféricos, alterando as variáveis hemodinâmicas e estruturas funcionais do endotélio. Considerações finais: Os dados dos estudos analisados demonstraram que ambientes hipobáricos não alteram as capacidades adaptativas da regulação cardiovascular em idosos, porém, em indivíduos acometidos por DPOC, é observado uma piora no quadro geral da condição, ao passo que há uma perda na função endotelial.
Background: Composite pheochromocytoma (CP) is a rare tumor which is composed of pheochromocytoma (or paraganglioma) and a non-pheochromocytoma component of similar embryonic origin, such as ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, neuroblastoma, malign schwanoma and neuroendocrine carcinomas. Abstract: We report two cases of adrenal CP with association of pheochromocytoma and ganglioneuromas followed in the Endocrine and Pathology Services of our institution. Case 1: A 39-year-old female, evaluated in August/2003 with clinical signs of adrenergic hypersecretion, a predominance of paroxysmal hypertension, and biochemical exams suggestive of pheochromocytoma with a preponderance of altered urinary levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline. The abdominal computed tomography showed a heterogenous nodular expansive lesion with 3.9 cm in the left adrenal and the right gland with normal aspect. She was submitted to a left video laparoscopic adrenalectomy preceded by alpha-blocker preparation. The histopathological diagnosis was pheochromocytoma associated with ganglioneuroma and the post-surgical follow-up has presented no intercurrences. Case 2: A 29-year-old female, evaluated in January/2018 for abdominal pain, fatigue, and diarrhea, without arterial hypertension. Abdominal ultrasound showed a heterogeneous nodular isoechoic lesion of 68 x 55 mm in the right adrenal. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the lesion of 72 x 65 x 69 mm with a hemorrhagic area of high protein level of 32 x 23 mm. Biochemistry was characterized by altered levels of free plasmatic adrenaline and noradrenaline. She was submitted to a right video laparoscopic adrenalectomy. The histopathological diagnosis was pheochromocytoma and areas of peripheric differentiation of ganglioneuroma. Conclusion: The association of pheochromocytoma with tumors of similar embryonic origin most frequently involves ganglioneuromas - present as the second component in 70% of the cases of CP. Our two cases, despite the pathological similarity, had different clinical presentation and progression. Nevertheless, considering the embryonic origin, the authors question the rare character of CP and wonder if this tumor is not underdiagnosed in clinical practice.
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