Maize Crop Phytotoxicity in Response to Sub-Doses of Sulfometuron-Methyl

Abstract

-The use of ripeners has been a common practice in the sugarcane culture. The application of these products is often performed through aerial spraying, which increases the chances of drifting of the ripeners-molecules over the surrounding crops, such as maize. In order to study possible phytointoxication on maize caused by sulfometuron-methyl application, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of sulfometuron-methyl sub doses on maize when applied at the V4 and V8 development stages. The experiment was installed in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments followed a 2 x 5 factor scheme, with the first factor corresponding to development stages of maize during which the ripener was applied (V4 and V8) and the second factor was related to sulfometuronmethyl sub doses ( of sulfometuron-methyl; it was more severe when the application occurred at the development stage V8, leading the plant to death at the highest used dose. Furthermore, it was also possible to observe negative changes in the morphological and production components of maize plants. The SYN 7G17 maize hybrid is highly susceptible to sulfometuron-methyl. The occurrence of sulfometuron-methyl deposits at higher doses or at different development stages of the crop may reflect more severe phytotoxic effects than the ones observed in this study.Keywords: ripener, selectivity, Zea mays. sulfometuron-methyl (0; 0,45; 0,90; 1,35; e 1,80 g i.a. ha -1 RESUMO -O uso de maturadores tem sido prática comum na cultura da cana-deaçúcar. A aplicação desses produtos ocorre muitas vezes por meio de pulverização aérea, o que aumenta as chances de ocorrer a deriva dessas moléculas em culturas circunvizinhas, como o milho. A fim de estudar possíveis fitointoxicações no milho ocasionadas pela aplicação de sulfometuron-methyl, foi realizado um experimento em campo com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de sub doses desse maturador quando aplicado nos estádios de desenvolvimento V4 e V8 da cultura do milho. O experimento foi instalado no delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos seguiram o esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com o primeiro fator correspondente aos estádios de desenvolvimento do milho em que foi aplicado o maturador (V4 e V8), e o segundo, referente às sub doses de

Weed management in glyphosate-resistant maize

“…The treatments did not influence the HEI, NRE and PMG (Table 7). Studies show that phytotoxic effects may influence crop yield components (FELISBERTO et al, 2017;BASSO et al, 2018;GALON et al, 2018b). However, this behavior may be related to several factors, such as cultivar or hybrid characteristics, formulation, dose and time of herbicide application, crop management, and climatic conditions (VALDERRAMA et al, 2011).…”

Journal of Plant Protection Research

“…The most effective and popular method of weed control in crops, including maize, is application of herbicides. However, widely used herbicides can contribute to the selection of resistant weeds, which may negatively affect crop quality or have a negative impact on the environment (Felisberto et al 2017). Weed control in maize is based on pre-or postemergence application of herbicides.…”

Efficacy of Reduced Rates of Soil-Applied Dimethenamid-P and Pendimethalin Mixture Followed by Postemergence Herbicides in Maize

“…During the critical period of competition in maize, from 1 to 15 leaf stages, weeds can cause yield losses from 12% to 70%, even 85% [5][6][7][8][9]; therefore, weed control in maize is necessary and essentially consists of herbicide application. Use of herbicides is the most effective method [10,11] but may negatively affect crop quality [12] and has an adverse effect on the natural environment [13]; furthermore, widely used herbicides can contribute to the selection of resistant weeds [14]. Generally, weed control in maize bases on a single herbicide application during crop vegetation [15,16] and a choice of pre-or postemergence application depends on the current situation on field and a farmer's decision.…”