RESUMENEn la Reserva de la Biosfera Calakmul (RBC) se ha generado una relación de conflicto entre las comunidades y la Dirección de la Reserva de la Biosfera Calakmul (DRBC), porque las relaciones se rigen por un principio en el que la lógica del manejo ambiental subordina a la lógica de quienes han usufructuado los recursos en la región y se manifiesta en restricciones de uso del suelo y actividades productivas. Así, el objetivo de esta investigación fue encontrar las causas principales de dicho conflicto. Para el análisis de las relaciones conflictivas, se usaron indicadores cualitativos que surgieron directamente de la información obtenida mediante la aplicación de cuestionarios estructurados, entrevistas a profundidad y de observación directa. Y para comprobar la validez del análisis cualitativo, se aplicaron dos métodos estadísticos: coeficiente de correlación y componentes principales. Se encontró que el conflicto se debe a que los productores o comunidades rurales no participan en los procesos de planeación y de toma, ejecución y evaluación de las decisiones relacionadas con las acciones que lleva a cabo la DRBC en el área de la RBC. ABSTRACTIn the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (CBR), a conflictive relationship has developed between communities and reserve management because their relationship is governed by a principle by which the logic of environmental management subordinates the logic of those who have profited from the region's resources and is manifested in restrictions on land use and productive activities. Thus, the objective of this research was to determine the root causes of the conflict. For the analysis of the conflictive relationships, qualitative indicators that emerged directly from the information obtained through the use of structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews and direct observation were used. To check the validity of the qualitative analysis, two statistical methods were used: correlation coefficient and principal components. It was found that the conflict is due to the producers or rural communities not participating in the planning processes and in the making, implementation and evaluation of decisions related to actions carried out in the CBR by reserve management.
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