The effects of abundant Mancozeb (Mn, Zn—bisdithiocarbamate) applications (2.5 kg ha−1week−1 for 10 years) on soil and surface-, subsurface- and groundwater pollution were monitored in a banana production region of tropical Mexico. In soils, severe manganese accumulation was observed, wheras the main metabolite ethylenethiourea was near the detection limit. Surface and subsurface water was highly polluted with ethylenethiourea, the main metabolite of Mancozeb (22.5 and 4.3 μg L−1, respectively), but not with manganese. In deep ground water, no ethylenethiourea was detected. The level of pollution in the region presents a worrisome risk for aquatic life and for human health.

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Lactic acid fermentation increases the bioactive properties of shrimp waste. Astaxanthin is the principal carotenoid present in shrimp waste, which can be found esterified in the liquid fraction (liquor) after its lactic acid fermentation. Supercritical CO2 technology has been proposed as a green alternative to obtain astaxanthin from fermented shrimp waste. This study aimed to optimize astaxanthin extraction by supercritical CO2 technology from fermented liquor of shrimp waste and study bioaccessibility using simulated gastrointestinal digestion (GD) of the optimized extract. A Box–Behnken design with three variables (pressure, temperature, and flow rate) was used to optimize the supercritical CO2 extraction. The optimized CO2 extract was obtained at 300 bar, 60 °C, and 6 mL/min, and the estimated characteristics showed a predictive extraction yield of 11.17%, antioxidant capacity of 1.965 mmol of Trolox equivalent (TE)/g, and astaxanthin concentration of 0.6353 µg/g. The experiment with optimal conditions performed to validate the predicted values showed an extraction yield of 12.62%, an antioxidant capacity of 1.784 mmol TE/g, and an astaxanthin concentration of 0.52 µg/g. The astaxanthin concentration decreased, and the antioxidant capacity of the optimized extract increased during gastrointestinal digestion. In conclusion, our optimized supercritical CO2 process is suitable for obtaining astaxanthin from shrimp by-products after lactic acid fermentation.

The intensive production of horticultural crops generates large amounts of agricultural biomass (BA), which is burned in the openfield or deposited in landfills becoming an environmental problem, especially if they are contaminated by pesticide residues. Thestudy aimed to evaluate the presence of pesticides in the BA of bell pepper, jalapeño pepper, and poblano pepper, using aQuEChERS method coupled to LC/MS-MS and GC/MS/MS. An analysis of the maximum residue limits was carried out,contrasting different regulations worldwide. Pesticide residues were quantified in the three BA, with jalapeño and poblano peppersbeing the most contaminated, highlighting lambda-cyhalothrin (1.11 mg/kg⁻¹), bifenthrin (1.62 mg/kg⁻¹), cypermethrin (0.34mg/kg⁻¹), imidacloprid (4.51 mg/kg⁻¹) and cyromazine (4.04 mg/kg⁻¹). Pesticide residues were identified in the BA, so its disposalis recommended to be regulated and monitored.

An in silico assay was designed, and generated compounds were studied to delimitate the synthesis by microwave irradiation–conventional heat combination. In vitro evaluation as antihyperglycemic and hypoglycemic agents were made, where 2s has good potential.

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