Abstract:The following paper shows the results of the ZenN European research project, in which the SSH-methodology has been implemented in order to collect information on user awareness, preferences, needs, behaviours and for energy efficient renovation solutions. Taking this into account, the barriers which limit opportunities for improvement of energy efficiency at the decisionmaking phase of regenerations and challenges encountered in practical parts of EE-renovation activities are characterized. The SSH analysis shows that the social barriers and challenges identified in the project were implied by insufficient knowledge or interest in the idea of energy-efficient buildings and high investment costs. Furthermore, several country-specific factors have been found, such as insufficient education and promotion activities, historical and cultural values of buildings which limit renovation opportunities etc.
This chapter aims at presenting and scrutinizing a contractarian approach to libertarianism, which has been proposed by a Canadian philosopher, Jan Narveson, known as the main proponent of so-called contractarian libertarianism. The chapter begins with the short introduction followed by "Assumptions," discussing Narveson's understanding of morality, his critique of Rawlsian methodology and his view on natural law and natural rights. Afterwards, "Social contract: justification, procedure, motives" presents such elements in the philosophy of Narveson as advantages of contractarianism, levels of the social contract and its status, as well as motives of parties being subject to the social contract. The third part, entitled "Critics vs. Narveson" touches on a critical discussion of the subject by other theorists (Tibor R. Machan, John T. Sanders, Leo Groarke). The last section, "Is the Contractarianism of Narveson Libertarianism?" presents the thesis that Narveson's contractarianism is not a justified basis of libertarianism. Albeit he comes to conclusions agreeable to libertarianism, his philosophy is better labeled as laissez-faire.Keywords: Ian Narveson, contractarianism, social contract, foundations of libertarianism.
ResumenEste artículo se propone presentar y explorar la aproximación contractualista al libertarismo planteada por el filósofo canadiense Jan Narveson, conocido como el principal representante del llamado libertarismo contractualista. El trabajo empieza con una breve introducción seguida de un apartado que, bajo el rótulo de "Supues-
The paper aims at categorizing anarcho-capitalism either as a political ideology, political and legal doctrine or political philosophy. Resolving such a research problem is a necessary step in studies on anarcho-capitalism and enables further and sound research on this set of political ideas. A problem of categorization of political thought is broadly discussed with reference to the literature, and categories of political ideology, political and legal doctrine and political philosophy are defined. Subsequently, anarcho-capitalism is correlated with every of these categories. Finally, it is argued that anarcho-capitalism is a political and legal doctrine, since it is a quite sophisticated, systematized, methodologically and theoretically sound set of views on politics and law, and is widely oriented towards practical realization of its political and legal thought.
The paper confronts the argumentation ethics developed by Hans-Hermann Hoppe, a libertarian and anarcho-capitalist thinker, with basic assumptions of the ancient democracy (originally called isegoria, that is, "an equal right to speak"), both of which are rooted in the phenomenon of discourse. Based on an analytical comparison the paper argues that possible similarities are superficial and deceptive. Indeed, despite some similarities prima facie, the theories in question have different nature and aims. The ethics of argumentation is a philosophical theory and as such has a different ambition than isegoria, which was a political system, even if it had some sound philosophical justification. The paper distinguishes three critical categories of analysis: argumentation, mutual recognition, and deliberation, none of which is found to possess a close meaning or function in both theories under investigation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.