This article shows the research results concerning the development of the variability of five selected ratios from the group of assets productivity in companies with extremely different financial and economic positions. The research was conducted on a test sample of 380 business entities: 190 companies subject to bankruptcy in the years 2007-2011 and 190 "healthy" companies. The research shows a different usefulness of various ratios of the financial analysis considered as one-dimensional bankruptcy predictors used to predict and early detect symptoms of companies threatened with bankruptcy.
This paper proposes a concept of Digital Stereotypes, observed during research on quantitative overrepresentation of one class over others, and its impact on the results of the training of Deep Learning models. The real-life observed data classes are rarely of the same size, and the intuition of presenting multiple examples of one class and then showing a few counterexamples may be very misleading in multimodal classification. Deep Learning models, when taught with overrepresentation, may produce incorrect inferring results, similar to stereotypes. The generic idea of stereotypes seems to be helpful for categorisation from the training point of view, but it has a negative influence on the inferring result. Authors evaluate a large dataset in various scenarios: overrepresentation of one or two classes, underrepresentation of some classes, and same-size (trimmed) classes. The presented research can be applied to any multiclassification applications, but it may be especially important in AI, where the classification, uncertainty and building new knowledge overlap. This paper presents specific ’decreases in accuracy’ observed within multiclassification of unleveled datasets. The ’decreases in accuracy’, named by the authors ’stereotypes’, can also bring an inspiring insight into other fields and applications, not only multimodal sentiment analysis.
is article shows the results of multi-dimensional studies on enterprises subject to bankruptcy in 2013. is article discusses the structure of entities on the basis of the following criteria: legal and organizational form, ownership form, and the main pro le of business activities indicating the industrial belonging of bankrupt and insolvent debtors. e studies were also oriented towards the evaluation of the analysed phenomenon on a regional basis, i.e. in the administrative division of Poland. e author evaluating the level of concentration of bankruptcy processes, particularly in provinces of Poland, applied the LQ coe cient used in economic geography to study the intensi cation level of selected spacious phenomena.
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