Vitamin D - anti-rheumatic vitamin - directly related to calcium and phosphate metabolism and bone formation. In recent years, it has been proven to be much more important because it also has an impact on cells of the immune system, heart, endocrine and muscle cells. Vitamin deficiency also involves mental illness such as depression and schizophrenia. For the synthesis of enough vitamin D it is necessary to have a daily, all year round direct exposure to direct sunlight for at least 20-30 minutes a day. The geographic location of Republic of Bulgaria provides the average annual sunshine duration around 2150 hours and it is about 49% of the maximum possible sunshine. However, the majority (58.33%) of the study participants had a "deficiency" in serum levels of vitamin D, snd there is also a large percentage of those who are less often outdoors.
The adopted National Concept "Health Objectives 2014-2020" sets out the main public health priorities that are aimed at improving the health of the population, including vulnerable groups exposed to risk factors. The most recent publications of our authors (V. Borisov, T. Vodenicharov, 2017) address key issues in public health and offer innovative approaches and strategies to actively involve the responsible institutions in the implementation of modern health policy. They determine the risk factor as "such a sign or element of a person's living environment (climate, season, residence, diet, stress, harmful habits, etc.) that creates a probable chance of one or another disease occurring. The scientific literature describes the following behavioral risk factors: Smoking; Alcoholism; Drug addictions; Motor inactivation; Irrational eating; Stress; Risky sexual behavior; Drug dependence. Under Bulgarian law, health professionals have the right to work independently or in a team and to carry out the preventive activities, the regulations for which are published by Ordinance 1 of 2011. The aim of this report is to present the opinion of modern health professionals (rehabilitation students and medical laboratory assistants) about their competences and autonomous role in public health and on the prevention of behavioral risk factors. Material and methods: survey studies, analysis of educational and normative documentation, review of scientific literature. Results and Discussion: Analyzes of the conducted studies show that future healthcare professionals are aware of behavioral risk factors and have competence to carry out a range of activities (on prescription, team and self) focused on curative, prophylactic, promotional and rehabilitation care and events for the patient, regulated by Legislative 1 Professional Activities from 2011. A high proportion of those surveyed determined stress as the most hazardous daily risk factor. Researchers offer different strategies with more than 2 stress-management activities. More than half of them are clearly aware of their role in public health. Conclusions and conclusion. Healthcare professionals are a major resource for the implementation of preventive activities in the field of public health. In the current conditions, the emergence of integrated professional fields requires improvement of health promotion competencies in areas such as health tourism, management, care for the elderly and others.
WHO warns of global revival of measles. In the Ministry of Health in Bulgaria have been reported and confirmed 223 cases of measles by 03.04.2019. Measles is an acute infectious disease characterized by common intoxication, inflammation of the upper respiratory tract mucosa, specific maculopapular rash on the skin and respiratory complications. The causative agent of measles belongs to Paramyxoviridae family, Paramyxovirus genera. Live vaccines are most widely used for active prophylaxis, derived from attenuated measles virus. In Bulgaria, it is given to children aged 13 months and reimmunization at 12 years of age. The vaccine is also used in combination with a mumps and rubella vaccine. Vaccinated individuals acquire lifetime immunity. Mass administration of the vaccine leads to a reduction in measles morbidity to single cases. Despite the increase in measles prevalence and morbidity, young people are unaware of this disease and the possible complications after illness. There is a positive attitude to vaccines, despite growing global anti-vaccination.
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