Background and Objectives Postpartum hemorrhage is the single largest and leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the scope of using prophylactic intramuscular carboprost tromethamine 125 lg in comparison with intramuscular oxytocin 10 units for the active management of third stage of labor. Materials and Methods Two hundred pregnant women at term with spontaneous onset of labor were included in the study and were randomly divided into 2 groups of 100 women each. Group A and group B were given injection oxytocin 10 units and injection carboprost tromethamine 125 lg intramuscularly, respectively, at the time of delivery of anterior shoulder. The main outcome measures with respect to third stage of labor were: duration, blood loss by volume, difference in hemoglobin, need for additional oxytocics and side effects. Results Subjects who received carboprost tromethamine 125 lg showed a significant reduction in duration of third stage of labor (p \ 0.05) and blood loss (p \ 0.01) when compared to the subjects who received oxytocin 10 units.