We evaluated the diversity of Myrtaceae in Chapada Diamantina National Park (CDNP) and neighboring municipalities (NM), identifying the areas with the highest richness and those with the lowest sampling efforts, collecting specimens in situ, and analyzing herbarium collections. The geographic data and maps include collection efforts (CE), species richness (SR), and estimated richness (J1). Ninety-seven species and nine genera were recorded for NM, with 82 species and nine genera occurring in CDNP. The CE and SR were similar in NM and CDNP, and the quadrants with the highest values were in the municipalities of Lençóis and Palmeiras. The J1 was also similar in NM and CDNP. Fifteen species found in NM do not occur in CDNP, and some are considered endangered or are restricted to non-protected areas, especially caatinga areas. Some species showed distributions limited to only one or two vegetation types, although many areas have been only superficially surveyed. Endemic species are subject to anthropic pressure, and some are currently considered endangered or vulnerable. The expansion of the limits of the CDNP to encompass areas of caatinga vegetation will improve the conservation status of the family.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the proline synthesis and physiological response of cassava genotypes which were micro propagated and induced to salinity stress in vitro. Micro cuttings of approximately 1.0cm long with a single bud of genotypes TBRS Tapioqueira, BRS Verdinha and Lagoão which were previously established in vitro were inoculated in a MS medium containing different concentrations of NaCl (0; 25; 50; 75; 100mM) and were analyzed after 90th day for: number of roots, number of leaves and shoot dry mass. The proline content of BRS Tapioqueira and Lagoão was assessed at 30th, 60th and 90th day. There was no analysis of proline of the variety Verdinha because of the contamination of the explants. The experimental design was completely randomized in double factorial scheme (3 genotypes x 5 salt treatments), with seven repetitions for growth variables. For comparing proline content, completely randomized design was used in a plot subdivided in time, with genotype and NaCl factors in plot and time in subplot, with two repetitions. For r time and genotypes Tukey test (P<0,05) was used and for NaCl levels regression test (P<0,05). Salinity affected the growth of all varieties; although, BRS Tapioqueira and BRS Verdinha were less affected by induced salt stress. There was an increase in the accumulation of proline from the salt increment, this synthesis of proline being a biochemical indicator of salt stress in cassava plants cultivated in vitro.
Context Morphological traits allow for plant persistence in various environments differing in edaphic and climatic aspects, and their values are normally the result of the diversity of genera and species occurring in a certain region. Myrteae, a widespread tribe of Myrtaceae, is found in varied environmental conditions ranging from dry to wet environments; thus, it is a potential study group for understanding trait variation. Aims Considering that functional-trait variation can be selected by environmental filters, and also be affected by phylogenetic aspects, we used the diversity of the Myrteae group present in different vegetation types in north-eastern Brazil to understand the role of the environment and genus in trait variation. Methods Two morphological traits, namely, wood density and specific leaf area, were sampled in 29 species from 6 genera in the following four vegetation types: savanna, seasonally dry tropical forest, rupestrian grassland and humid forest. We assessed how variation in the two traits was related to genus and environmental conditions. Key results The studied species showed trait variation depending on the environment and genus. Wood density was mainly determined by genus, whereas specific leaf area was mostly influenced by the environment. Conclusion The most important determinant of interspecific trait variation differed between wood density and specific leaf area in this study. Wood density was strongly related to genus, suggesting it is a conserved trait in Myrteae, whereas specific leaf area tended to be more variable. Implications Our results contribute to understanding the causes of morphological and genetic variability in Myrteae.
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