Evaluation of the larvicidal effectof the essential oil of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) against the mosquito Aedes aegypti. This study analyzes the larvicidal effect of the oil of Zingiber officinale Roscoe against larvae in third stage of the mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1792). The essential oil was extracted quantitatively by hydrodistillation and we calculated the oil's LC 50 from Reed-Muench (1938) and Pizzi (1950) methods, respectively. The essential oil obtained LC 50 of 76.07 (±2.24) ug mL -1 , and yield of 0.52% m/v. The results indicate that the essential oil assessed has substances that provide larvicidal effect against Aedes aegypti.

Este trabalho avalia as propriedades-físico químicas do óleo essencial dos botões florais seco do cravo-da-índia (Syzygium aromaticum) que são encontradas no Munícipio de São Luís, Maranhão. Extraiu-se quantitativamente o óleo essencial por hidrodestilação. Determinaram-se as propriedades físico-químicas do óleo essencial (densidade, índice de refração, solubilidade, cor e aparência) e atividade citotóxica frente às larvas da Artemia salina. Caracterizou-se analiticamente o óleo por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrômetro de massas (CG-EM). Os resultados mostram que o melhor tempo e o rendimento do óleo foram correspondentemente 4 horas e 4,33 % de massa por volume. A partir disso foi possível identificar 5 componentes, sendo a presença majoritária do eugenol que logo foi confirmada pelas técnicas espectroscópica. Na identificação do componente majoritário e dos demais Artigo de pesquisa científica / http://dx.doi

This study evaluated the antimicrobial, antioxidant and toxicity activity of essential oils (EOs) of Hymenaea courbaril L. var. courbaril bark and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels leaves. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation and chemically characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The ABTS and DPPH assay were used to evaluate antioxidant activity. For the toxicity assay, lethality was evaluated against Artemia salina Leach. For the antimicrobial assay, the method of Disc Diffusion and Dilution in Broth was applied to obtain the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal. The major constituent of the EO of H. courbaril was β-ocimene (23.33%) and the EO of S. cumini was isocaryophyllene (18.01%). Both OE showed relevant antioxidant activity and low toxicity against Artemia salina. The EOs showed bactericidal activity against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., B. cereus and P. mirabilis. The results obtained are encouraged by the potential use of the OE's studied in the control and fight of pathogenic microorganisms.

In this study, we investigated the main constituent, the predominant class and biological activity of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Pimenta dioica and the pattern of the major constituent against larvae in the third stage of Aedes aegypti. For this reason, we extracted the oil by hydrodistillation, identified its components by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and calculated the lethal concentration (LC50) of the larvicidal activity using the Reed-Muench method. The results show that the oil consists mainly of eugenol, in which the phenylpropanoid class predominated and the lethal concentration, LC50, was 38.86 μg mL-1at a confidence level of 2.25 μg mL-1, while the eugenol standard presented LC5079.75 μg mL-1at a confidence level of 2.10 μg mL-1. Given the facts, we conclude that the oil is more active than the standard and that it has the potential to replace chemical larvicides.

A flow-injection spectrometric method for determination of sodium diclofenac in pharmaceutical formulations was developed on this work. Sodium diclofenac solutions were injected into a stream of deionized water that reacted with potassium permanganate on acid medium producing Mn 2+ ions whose exhibit maximum absorbance at 450 nm. The methodology used optimize experimental parameters was 3 3 factorial design and response surface. The proposed method obeyed the Beer's Law over the range 25-160 mg L-1 , applied in tablets and ampoules samples. Results were compare with the reference method. It was verified at the 95% confidence level, through paired t-test application-there is no statistic difference between them. The detection limit was valued in 2.6 mg L-1 , relative standard deviation for 10 consecutive injections was 1.5% (100.0 mg L-1 sodium diclofenac solution) and the sample throughput was 80 samples h-1. Regarding optimization of operational conditions, the FIA spectrometric method presented analytical performance as good as other elaborated flow analyzers. Offers a simple and inexpensive way to this drug indirect determination aiming quality control on pharmaceutical industry's assembly line. However, it can not be used for adulteration screening analysis due to non-selectivity and non-specificity of redox reactions.