In crystalline thin film growth of a prerequisite is substrate surfaces with stable and uniform structure and chemical composition. Various substrate treatments were used to obtain
The elemental distribution of a precipitate cross section, situated in a lean Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Ag-Ge alloy, has been investigated in detail by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and aberration corrected high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). A correlative analysis of the EELS data is connected to the results and discussed in detail. The energy loss maps for all relevant elements were recorded simultaneously. The good spatial resolution allows elemental distribution to be evaluated, such as by correlation functions, in addition to being compared with the HAADF image. The fcc-Al lattice and the hexagonal Si-network within the precipitates were resolved by EELS. The combination of EELS and HAADF-STEM demonstrated that some atomic columns consist of mixed elements, a result that would be very uncertain based on one of the techniques alone. EELS elemental mapping combined with a correlative analysis have great potential for identification and quantification of small amounts of elements at the atomic scale.
This report serves to highlight the need for a mine to migrate from nuclear density gauges to ultrasonic density meters. This move will mitigate for the high costs incurred in maintaining nuclear density gauges, as well as associated health and environmental impacts. The ultrasonic technology has proven to be a reliable alternative to nuclear instruments and complies with all the strengths of the available nuclear density gauges. The Slurry Density Meter (SDM) of Rhosonics will be outlined in this report using areal customer case. The adoption of a non-nuclear density meter such as the SDM is recommended for a mine to replace the nuclear density gauges when they reach their half-life. Thistransition will significantly reduce operational costs, related administration workload and eliminates the associated health and safety risks on-site at the mineral processing plant.
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