Resumo O presente trabalho utiliza o modelo Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) acoplado ao seu módulo químico para simular a dispersão dos poluentes emitidos por um Veículo Lançador de Satélites (VLS) lançado a partir do Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara (CLA). Para inserir os dados químicos no modelo foi utilizado o pré-processador PREP-CHEM. As simulações foram feitas para 4 casos a saber: casos dos períodos diurnos e noturnos durante as estações seca e chuvosa. Identificaram-se as regiões afetadas pela emissão de monóxido de carbono (CO), bem como a sua trajetória em função dos ventos. Dentre as regiões atingidas o estacionamento foi o que teve as maiores concentrações de CO, seguido pelo prédio da meteorologia, Vila de Alcântara e Vila Tapireí. Além disso, foi possível verificar em quanto tempo ocorre à dissipação de CO na região do CLA, para cada caso. As simulações do período seco nos casos diurno e noturno levaram 29 min e 1 h 12 min, respectivamente. Para as simulações do período chuvoso, foram de 40 min (caso diurno) e 1 h 30 min (caso noturno). Foi possível identificar que a maior intensidade turbulenta do período diurno, juntamente com ventos mais intensos, são os responsáveis por uma dissipação mais rápida da nuvem de poluentes.
The atmospheric flow near the surface and in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) are investigated for the coastal part of Maranhão state. Near the coast in the PBL the flow is predominantly from the northeast quadrant with its meridional component increasing during the day and being from north-northeast and decreasing during the course of the night to be from east-northeast at early morning. The result of this is a small counterclockwise rotation but with no flow reversals. Through an analysis of extensive radiosonde data it is found that the flow above the PBL is predominantly southeasterly for the region. It is consequence of the outflow from the descending branch of the large-scale circulation of the Hadley cell. For stations further inland the flow is from approximately northeast during period between morning to noon but rotating clockwise to become from southeast-east (SEE) sector at early evening. The clockwise rotation continues in the afternoon and the wind becomes from south, and later southwest when in the evening it quickly becomes from north. The wind rotation during this period is mainly determined by an oscillating surface pressure gradient-force. During the night the local surface wind tendency is not controlled by the gradient-force probably because the air has to go against higher terrain and negative buoyancy becomes an important force of the momentum balance. The oscillating surface pressure-gradient-force is a response to a sea-breeze circulation. In the coast, we speculate that the flow does not reverse its meridional component because the surface pressure-gradient point south there for most of the time.
This paper analyzes the possibility of the use of the Weather Research and Forecasting model in integrating two high-resolution simulations of mesoescale (REAL) and LES (REAL-LES). The REAL-LES simulation showed improvements of up to 1.0 m / s, 3.0 m / s and 1.0 m / s in the simulations 19/09/08 00Z, 12Z 19/09/08 and 20/09/08 06Z, respectively. RESUMO Este trabalho analisa a possibilidade da utilização do modelo Weather Research and Forecasting em alta resolução horizontal integrando duas simulações uma no modo de mesoescala (REAL) e outra no modo LES (REAL-LES).
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