The BIB((R)) has been effective to temporarily control obesity, inducing an excess weight loss of approximately 48%. It was not associated with mortality and showed minimal risk of major complications.

These results from a larger patient group confirm a previous report of reduced cortical folding in schizophrenia patients. They also suggest a distinct pattern of abnormality between schizophrenia subtypes regarding the process of cerebral lateralization and are in agreement with the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia.

The presence of a history of binge eating prior to treatment is associated with poorer weight loss in obese patients submitted to RYGBP. Because BED is highly prevalent in obese patients seeking bariatric surgery, its early recognition and treatment may be of important clinical value.

Background: Structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia have been repeatedly demonstrated in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, but it remains unclear whether these are static or progressive in nature. While longitudinal MRI studies have been traditionally used to assess the issue of progression of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia, information from cross-sectional neuroimaging studies directly comparing first-episode and chronic schizophrenia patients to healthy controls may also be useful to further clarify this issue. With the recent interest in multisite mega-analyses combining structural MRI data from multiple centers aiming at increased statistical power, the present multisite voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study was carried out to examine patterns of brain structural changes according to the different stages of illness and to ascertain which (if any) of such structural abnormalities would be specifically correlated to potential clinical moderators, including cumulative exposure to antipsychotics, age of onset, illness duration and overall illness severity.Methods: We gathered a large sample of schizophrenia patients (161, being 99 chronic and 62 first-episode) and controls (151) from four previous morphometric MRI studies (1.5 T) carried out in the same geographical region of Brazil. Image processing and analyses were conducted using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM8) software with the diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra (DARTEL) algorithm. Group effects on regional gray matter (GM) volumes were investigated through whole-brain voxel-wise comparisons using General Linear Model Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA), always including total GM volume, scan protocol, age and gender as nuisance variables. Finally, correlation analyses were performed between the aforementioned clinical moderators and regional and global brain volumes.Results: First-episode schizophrenia subjects displayed subtle volumetric deficits relative to controls in a circumscribed brain regional network identified only in small volume-corrected (SVC) analyses (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected), including the insula, temporolimbic structures and striatum. Chronic schizophrenia patients, on the other hand, demonstrated an extensive pattern of regional GM volume decreases relative to controls, involving bilateral superior, inferior and orbital frontal cortices, right middle frontal cortex, bilateral anterior cingulate cortices, bilateral insulae and right superior and middle temporal cortices (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected over the whole brain). GM volumes in several of those brain regions were directly correlated with age of disease onset on SVC analyses for conjoined (first-episode and chronic) schizophrenia groups. There were also widespread foci of significant negative correlation between duration of illness and relative GM volumes, but such findings remained significant only for the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex after accounting for the influence of age of disease onset. Finally, significant negati...

Future longitudinal studies should investigate dimensional correlations between OCD and ED.

No abstract

ResumoContexto: Nas últimas décadas, diversos estudos longitudinais têm demonstrado a eficácia da cirurgia bariátrica no controle de peso em longo prazo e na redução da mortalidade resultante de complicações clínicas associadas à obesidade. Contudo, os estudos também revelam aumento significativo da mortalidade devida a suicídio e comportamento impulsivo, por razões largamente desconhecidas, o que demonstra a escassez de informações relativas ao manejo clínico de pacientes bariátricos. O presente estudo tem como objetivo sintetizar o estado atual de conhecimentos referentes ao acompanhamento psiquiátrico de pacientes bariátricos. Método: Revisão seletiva da literatura envolvendo artigos indexados no Medline e PubMed até junho de 2010, utilizando-se os termos: "bariatric surgery", "psychiatry", "binge eating", "follow-up" e "outcome". Resultados: Há relativo consenso na literatura de que não haja contraindicação psiquiátrica absoluta para a cirurgia bariátrica, embora a avaliação pré-operatória seja de extrema importância para o diagnóstico e tratamento de eventuais transtornos psiquiátricos, objetivando assegurar aderência ao tratamento multidisciplinar, melhor qualidade de vida e, possivelmente, melhor prognóstico pós-cirúrgico. Entre os transtornos mais prevalentes nessa população, encontra-se o transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica (TCAP), que está relacionado com menor perda ponderal e pior qualidade de vida, especialmente quando presente no pós-operatório. No acompanhamento pós-operatório, também se deve atentar para o surgimento de sintomas impulsivos, incluindo abuso de álcool e outras substâncias. Conclusão: Diversos estudos indicam elevada prevalência de transtornos mentais e alterações psicopatológicas na população de pacientes bariátricos. Embora a maioria dos pacientes apresente adequado controle ponderal e melhora na qualidade de vida em médio e longo prazo, alguns pacientes desenvolvem alterações relativas ao comportamento alimentar, abuso de álcool e outras substâncias e complicações associadas a comportamento impulsivo, o que remete a hipóteses etiológicas que vão desde modelos neuroquímicos até teorias psicossociais. Por todas essas razões, é de fundamental importância que os profissionais de saúde mental integrem as equipes que avaliam e acompanham os pacientes bariátricos. Gordon PC, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2011;38(4):148-54Palavras-chave: Obesidade, cirurgia bariátrica, psiquiatria, transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica. AbstractBackground: In recent decades, several longitudinal studies show the efficacy of bariatric surgery on long-term weight control and reductions in mortality due to clinical complications associated with obesity. However, studies also show significantly increased mortality due to suicide and impulsive behavior, for reasons largely unknown, which demonstrates the paucity of information concerning the clinical management of bariatric patients. This study aims to synthesize the current state of knowledge regarding the psychiatric care of bariatric patients. Meth...

WM changes affecting brain tracts critical to the integration of perceptual information, cognition and emotions are detectable soon after the onset of FEP and may partially reverse in direct relation to the remission of acute psychotic symptoms. Our findings reinforce the view that WM abnormalities in brain tracts are a key neurobiological feature of acute psychotic disorders, and recovery from such WM pathology can lead to amelioration of symptoms.