RESUMO -Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar a relação do escore de comportamento materno de ovelhas com os parâmetros fisiológicos relacionados ao seu temperamento. Durante a parição, foram avaliadas 258 ovelhas Corriedale e 50 ovelhas Ideal criadas em campo natural em três fazendas na região sudoeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram analisados os efeitos propriedade, idade, tipo de parto, escore de comportamento materno e escore de condição corporal antes do parto e ao desmame em relação às frequências cardíaca e respiratória e temperatura corporal dos animais ao desmame. Nas primeiras 24 horas de vida do cordeiro, o escore de comportamento materno foi atribuído à distância de fuga da ovelha em relação ao seu cordeiro: 1) >10 m e não retorna ao cordeiro; 2) >10 m do cordeiro e retorna; 3) 5 a 10 m; 4) entre 1 e <5 m; 5) <1 m; 6) mantém contato físico. Ovelhas com escore de comportamento materno <3 apresentaram maior frequência cardíaca, mas valores semelhantes de frequência respiratória e temperatura corporal se comparadas àquelas com escore de comportamento materno >3. Ovelhas criadas em Bagé apresentaram os maiores valores de frequência cardíaca e respiratória.Ovelhas com escore de condição corporal antes do parto <2,0 apresentaram menores valores de frequência cardíaca e respiratória e temperatura corporal, enquanto ovelhas com escore de condição corporal ao desmame <2,0 tiveram maiores valores de frequência cardíaca e respiratória e menor temperatura corporal. A pouca associação entre os parâmetros fisiológicos medidos no desmane e o escore de comportamento materno não permite recomendar seu uso para estimar a reatividade pós-parto e a habilidade materna das ovelhas.Palavras-chave: cordeiros, desmame, ovinos, parição, temperamento Relation between maternal behavior score with physiological characteristics of ewes ABSTRACT -The objective of this study to assess the relationship between ewe maternal behavior score and physiological parameters related to their temperament. During lambing, 258 Corriedale and 50 Polwarth ewes were evaluated. They were raised on native pasture in the southwest region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The effects of farm, age, type of lambing, maternal behavior scores and body condition score before lambing and during the weaning were evaluated in relation to heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature of animals at weaning. In the first 24 hours after lambing, the maternal behavior score was assigned to the ewe as the distance from its lamb: 1) >10 meters and does not return to the lamb; 2) >10 meters from the lamb, but returns; 3) five to 10 meters; 4) between one and five meters; 5) less than one meter; 6) maintains physical contact.Ewes with maternal behavior score of <3 had a higher heart rate, but similar respiratory rates and body temperatures, compared with those with maternal behavior score >3. Sheep raised on the farm in Bagé municipality had higher heart and respiratory rates. Ewes with a body condition score before lambing of <2.0 had lower levels of...
-The biology of Cirrospilus neotropicus Diez & Fidalgo reared on third instar Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton larvae having Citrus limonia Osbeck as host plant, was evaluated under controlled conditions (25 ± 1ºC; 12h photophase). The survival, immatures development, longevity, sex ratio, host feeding and oviposition ratio of C. neotropicus, were registered. Two groups of parasitoid females were evaluated: one, with parasitoids obtained from P. citrella pupae collected in citrus orchards and the other group came from laboratory rearing. These females, after mating, were maintained individually on gerbox containers with honey and pollen as food source. At each 48h, 12 P. citrella larvae were changed. The average biological cycle of the female progenies from orchard and laboratory generation groups were 11.8 and 11.6 days, respectively. The males progenies had biological cycles of 11.6 and 10.9 days, as well. The shortest immature survival period, for both studied groups was the larval (57.3% -orchard group and 57.4% -lab group). The mated females average longevity (21.8 days) was superior than the non mated ones (9.1 days) for the orchard group. The average daily oviposition rate for this last group was also signifi cantly superior (2.8 eggs /day) than the lab group (1.6 eggs / day). The same trend was observed for the average daily host feeding rate (1.7 larvae /day for the orchard group and 0.9 larvae/ day for the lab group). These data suggest that C. neotropicus have potencial as a biological control agent of P. citrella.
The predation and parasitism of Cirrospilus neotropicus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was evaluated on third instar Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) larvae reared on Citrus limonia under controlled conditions (25 ± 1ºC; L:D 12:12 h). Two groups of parasitoid females were evaluated: one in which pupae were collected from citrus orchards (field females) at Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil (30°29’S, 51°06’W), and the other from a laboratory colony (laboratory females). After mating, each female was maintained in an individual container and fed honey, pollen and 12 P. citrella every 48 hours. In both groups the behaviors of predation (host feeding), oviposition and superparasitism were observed. The average percent mortality caused by field females (48.71 ± 3.29%) was significantly higher than that caused by laboratory females (35.12 ± 3.45%)(H = 4.74; P = 0.01). Mortality due to predation was 19.15 ± 1.75% in field females and 25.11 ± 3.82% in laboratory females, with no significant difference (H = 1.57; P = 0.21). The average percent parasitism without predation did not differ significantly between field (49.15 ± 2.89%) and laboratory females (42.33 ± 4.07%)(H = 0.53; P = 0.47). Superparasitism represented 6.92 ± 1.21% of the total hosts killed by field females, and 3.51 ± 0.99% by laboratory females. The results show the influence of P. citrella in the death of C. neotropicus caused by parasitism and predation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.