No abstract

Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is a highly lethal disease caused by Rickettsia spp. and is transmitted by ticks of the genus Amblyomma. Understanding the epidemiology of BSF in each region can help direct health surveillance actions. The objective of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of vectors and the incidence of BSF in the state of São Paulo. Spatial analysis included confirmed BSF cases between 2009 and 2019; occurrences were registered by municipalities of the state. There were 752 confirmed BSF cases, with incidences ranging between 0.01 and 10.37/10,000 inhabitants. Moran's Global Index for BSF was 0.20 (p = .001), which was indicative of spatial dependence. Moran's map located a cluster of 20 high priority municipalities for BSF and showed that Amblyomma sculptum is the vector involved in Rickettsia rickettsii transmission in these locations. Spatial analysis identified clusters formed by 47, 20 and seven significant municipalities for the presence of A. sculptum, Amblyomma aureolatum and Amblyomma ovale vectors, respectively. Surveillance and prevention actions are necessary in areas that are at high risk for BSF and in areas where the presence of vectors was significant.

RESUMOIntrodução: Pesquisas recentes revelaram que 98% dos proprietários sentem que o cão é, ou quase é, um membro da família. O vínculo ser humano-animal é uma relação dinâmica e mutuamente benéfica. Objetivo: O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar e sintetizar, por meio de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, os estudos relacionados ao bem-estar e comportamento de cães que orientasse médicos veterinários clínicos de cães. Método: Foram estruturadas estratégias de busca na literatura para as bases de dados MEDLINE (via Pubmed) e LILACS. Também foi realizada a busca manual por meio de busca simples pelo google scholar e das listas de referências dos estudos relevantes. Resultados: Ao todo foram encontrados 431 estudos, dos quais 353 foram excluídos após a leitura dos títulos e resumos. Restaram 78 artigos que foram recuperados na íntegra para verificar a elegibilidade, e 13 foram incluídos nesta revisão narrativa. Discussão e Conclusão: Bem-estar animal se refere à uma ciência que se iniciou em decorrência das pesquisas após a formação do Comitê Brambell na Inglaterra. Esta ciência informa que bem-estar animal envolve uma parte física, uma mental/emocional e a expressão do comportamento natural. Explica o que é melhor para os animais do ponto de vista deles. Esta ciência por ser muito jovem ainda é, infelizmente, desconhecida por muito médicos veterinários clínicos de pequenos animais, particularmente, pelo fato dos primeiros anos se concentrarem em pesquisas nos animais de fazenda, de produção. É fácil, então perceber, o quanto o clínico de pequenos animais, formado há alguns anos, precisa de informações técnicas reunidas em material que possa, facilmente, apresentar o tema e contribuir para uma melhor execução da sua prática profissional, que trará melhor bem-estar para ele mesmo, para os tutores e para os cães que merecem uma vida melhor.Palavras-chave: Comportamento animal. Animais de estimação. Cães. Pet shop.ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent research has shown that 98% of owners feel that the dog is, or almost is, a family member. The human-animal bond is a dynamic and mutually beneficial relationship. Objective: The aim of this paper was to analyze and synthesize, through a narrative literature review, studies related to the welfare and behavior of dogs for clinical veterinarians of dogs.Methods: Literature search strategies were structured for MEDLINE (via Pubmed) and LILACS databases. Manual search was also performed by simple search by google scholar and reference lists of relevant studies. Results: A total of 431 studies were found, of which 353 were excluded after reading the titles and abstracts. There were 78 articles that were retrieved in full to verify eligibility, and 13 were included in this narrative review. Discussion and Conclusion: Animal welfares é a science that began as a result of research following the formation of the Brambell Committee in England. This science informs that animal welfare involves a physical, a mental/emotional part and the expression of natural behavior. This science pre...

INTRODUCTION: Low back pain is a common symptom among the general population and among manual workers, contributing to high rates of absenteeism and a decrease in overall quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of low back pain in Port of Santos workers, its influence on overall quality of life, physical activity level, and associated absenteeism rate. METHODS: This cross-sectional prevalence study was based on prospective data collection. RESULTS: Eighty-two port workers were interviewed, 97.6% were male, and mean age was 42.9 years. Ethnically, 37.8% reported being brown. Most had completed high school. Longshoreman was the most common occupation, followed by foreman, tallyman, and others. A 44-hour workweek was the most frequent (31.3%), and over 85% of workers reported not working overtime. Most of them were not paid on a production basis. Formal employment, according to Brazilian Labor Law, was 70.7%, and union membership was 64.6%. The mean time working at the port was 11.9 years (standard deviation ± 12.5). Occupational low back pain was reported by 17% of respondents, leading to an absenteeism rate of 19.7%. Physical activities helped improve the feeling of vitality for work performance. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of low back pain among respondents was 17%, not influencing their quality of life, with an absenteeism rate of 19.7%. Doing physical activities was common among respondents.