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This study compared a group of fourth-grade underachievers with a control group in the areas of peer relationships and measured personality variables. The underachievers were identified by predicting their grade-point average (GPA) from their WISC Verbal Scale IQ score by use of a prediction equation. If the predicted GPA was .8 standard error of estimate above their obtained GPA, the student was identified as an underachiever. This resulted in the identification of 84 male and 34 female underachievers. The results of the investigation indicated that regardIess of sex, underachievers are selected less frequently by their peers and have a lower level of personality adjustment.N RECENT YEARS much attention has