This paper aims to contribute to the current debate about the status of the "Ought Implies Can" (OIC) principle and the growing body of empirical evidence that undermines it.We report the results of an experimental study which show that people judge that agents ought to perform an action even when they also judge that those agents cannot do it and that such "ought" judgments exhibit an actor-observer effect. Because of this actor-observer effect on "ought" judgments and the Duhem-Quine thesis, talk of an "empirical refutation" of OIC is empirically and methodologically unwarranted. What the empirical fact that people attribute moral obligations to unable agents shows is that OIC is not intuitive, not that OIC has been refuted.
Purpose Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is a recently proposed eating disorder that has gained growing acknowledgment. However, there exists a significant gap in the literature regarding ON. Additionally, the lack of formal criteria for the diagnosis of ON has led to a debate regarding whether it is a standalone diagnosis or part of another condition, including other eating disorders. This debate is further fueled by shared characteristics and consequences between ON and other disorders, namely Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN). Moreover, ON has been recognized as highly prevalent in individuals’ post-treatment for AN and BN. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether eating disorder history predicts greater severity of ON symptomology. Additionally, we aimed to determine whether sex, racial, and age group differences exist in severity of ON symptomology.Method The Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ) was administered to 535 individuals along with questions regarding previous eating disorder history and demographic variables. Results Analysis confirmed that individuals previously diagnosed with an eating disorder and those who previously received eating disorder treatment demonstrated higher ON symptomology severity. Minimal-to-no group differences among sex, race, and age in EHQ scores, except for Caucasian/White individuals scoring higher than Asian/Asian American individuals, were revealed.Conclusion ON is highly prevalent among individuals previously diagnosed with an eating disorder and those who previously received eating disorder related treatment. Little to no age, sex, and racial differences were demonstrated in ON symptomology. Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.