Abstracta El sistema de formas de tratamiento ha experimentado distintos procesos de variación a lo largo de la diacronía y la diatopía de la lengua española, más aún durante el español clásico (o ‘áureo’). Sus implicaciones pragmáticas, socio-discursivas y culturales hacen de los tratamientos un sistema en ‘crisis’ (Hummel, 2020), con múltiples variables cuyos valores necesitan fijarse e irse actualizando en la comunicación. Recogemos aquí los avances recientes de la investigación en este campo y los aplicamos en un contexto de enseñanza/aprendizaje del español: para ello, proponemos un enfoque didáctico textual, válido tanto en las clases de secundaria en Lengua Castellana y Literatura como en las clases de E/LE. El texto escogido para discutir estos problemas lingüísticos es un fragmento de una novela de Las aventuras del capitán Alatriste, que recrea la lengua del siglo XVII. La metodología de análisis demuestra que, mediando las adaptaciones pertinentes y partiendo de los textos adecuados, casi cualquier problema filológico y/o lingüístico-teórico puede plantearse para su aprendizaje en enseñanza secundaria y en E/LE.
This study presents productive L2 French grammar data obtained at the end of grade 1 from 186 elementary school children learning French in bilingual (CLIL) or in regular school programs in Germany. The children completed a picture description task to assess their productive oral L2 French grammar skills and two standardized cognitive tests on nonverbal intelligence and sustained attention. The results did not indicate any significant effects of the cognitive tests or of child-internal variables (in this case gender, language background and educational background). However, children in the regular French program unexpectedly outperformed their peers in the bilingual French program. Classroom observations and information provided by teachers suggest that this finding may, at least in part, be due to the fact that in grade 1 there were only minor differences between the two programs in terms of L2 exposure time and teaching methodology.
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