Admission to a university may cause significant changes in the pattern of exposure to health risks. The aim of this paper is to describe the study design and methodological procedures adopted in the Longitudinal Study on the Lifestyle and Health of University Students (ELESEU). This study examines a dynamic cohort of full-time students at a public university in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. This research, which started in 2015, will have four years of follow-up and is scheduled to end in 2018. A self-administered questionnaire is applied, containing questions regarding demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and information on health conditions and risk factors such as lifestyle, perceived stress, symptoms of depression, body image, risk behaviors for eating disorders, self-assessment of health and diet quality, and other issues related to nutrition and health. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements are also recorded. Two 24-hour dietary recalls and cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose capillary measurements are collected in 50% of the students. In 2015, 495 participants (82.6% of the eligible students) were assessed in the baseline study. Of these, 348 (70.3%) were followed up in 2016. In 2016, 566 participants were included in the cohort (81% of the eligible students). This study will help to identify the factors that might influence changes in the nutritional, health, and metabolic status of young adults during college life.

Undergraduates may face challenges to assure food security, related to economic and mental distress, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess food insecurity and its associated factors in undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2020 to February 2021 with 4775 undergraduates from all Brazilian regions. The questionnaire contained socio-economic variables, the validated Brazilian food insecurity scale, and the ESQUADA scale to assess diet quality. The median age of the students was 22.0 years, and 48.0% reported income decreasing with the pandemic. Food insecurity was present in 38.6% of the students, 4.5% with severe food insecurity and 7.7% moderate. Logistic regressions showed students with brown and black skin color/race presented the highest OR for food insecurity; both income and weight increase or reduction during the pandemic was also associated with a higher OR for food insecurity, and better diet quality was associated with decreased OR for food insecurity. Our study showed a considerable presence of food insecurity in undergraduates. Policy for this population must be directed to the most vulnerable: those with brown and black skin color/race, who changed income during the pandemic, and those presented with difficulties maintaining weight and with poor diet quality.

Poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and association with mental health in college students ABSTRACTAim: To estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) among college students and to analyse their association with aspects of mental health. Subjects and methods:A cross-sectional study carried out with 1113 college students, enrolled in full-time courses at a public university in the Mid-West region of Brazil.Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with questions about demographic, socioeconomic, mental health, sleep quality, and EDS. Measurements of weight and height were measured to assess weight status using the body mass index.Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between perceived stress (classified as light, moderate, and high) and presence of depressive symptoms with poor sleep quality and presence of EDS.Results: High prevalence of poor sleep quality (65.5%) and EDS (55%) was observed.In the adjusted models, poor sleep quality was significantly associated with moderate and high perceived stress and presence of depressive symptoms. For EDS, there was also a significant association with moderate and high perceived stress and presence of depressive symptoms.Conclusions: High prevalence of poor sleep quality and EDS were found among college students. Perceived stress and presence of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with both evaluated outcomes.

OBJECTIVE To systematically review the results of the association between breakfast skipping and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. METHODS The articles were searched in May 2020 from PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Scopus, Web of Science and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). The review included observational studies conducted with adolescents (10–19 years old), which estimated the association of breakfast skipping with at least one outcome (markers of body adiposity, blood pressure, serum lipid and glucose levels). Regarding the risk of bias, the articles were evaluated using the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) Item Bank on bias risk and accuracy of observational studies. The quality of the evidence was assessed by the Grade rating. RESULTS A total of 43 articles involving 192,262 participants met the inclusion criteria and were considered in this review. The prevalence of breakfast skipping ranged from 0.7% to 94% and 60.5% of studies were classified with low risk of bias. The significant association between breakfast skipping and cardiometabolic risk factors was found in twenty-nine cross-sectional articles (n = 106,031) and four longitudinal articles (n = 5,162) for excess adiposity, in three articles (n = 8,511) for high total cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides, and in three studies (n = 6,303) for high blood pressure levels. However, there was no significant association between breakfast skipping and glycemic profile. According to the Grade rating, all the associations had low quality of evidence. CONCLUSION The results of this review suggest that breakfast skipping is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. However, considering the low quality of the evidence, the present results should be interpreted carefully. In addition, our findings highlight the importance of standardizing the definition of breakfast skipping and that more prospective studies are needed to determine how skipping breakfast can affect cardiometabolic risk factors in the long time.

Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a associação entre composição domiciliar e consumo alimentar em adolescentes. Métodos: Trata-se de revisão sistemática da literatura. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE via PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Web of Science, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Embase e Scopus. Os artigos foram avaliados por meio do Research Triangle Institute (RTI) Item Bank sobre risco de viés e acurácia de estudos observacionais. Foram avaliados estudos observacionais com adolescentes (10-19 anos de idade). Resultados: Dos 2.324 artigos encontrados, 11 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, 9 de delineamento transversal e 2 longitudinais. Quanto à avaliação do consumo alimentar, foram avaliadas as frequências de: jantar em família, consumo de café da manhã, consumo de refeições, omissão do café da manhã, consumo de grupos alimentares, número de refeições realizadas durante o dia, assim como densidade energética de grupos alimentares e o Índice de Alimentação Saudável. Observou-se que adolescentes que moravam com ambos os pais apresentaram maior frequência de consumo do café da manhã e maior consumo de vegetais. Preferências alimentares mais positivas e saudáveis foram mais frequentes entre adolescentes que residiam em famílias nucleares. Por outro lado, consumo irregular de café da manhã e consumo de marcadores de alimentação não saudável foram mais frequentes entre adolescentes residentes em domicílios monoparentais, com família reconstituída e famílias extensas. Conclusão: Adolescentes que moravam com ambos os pais apresentaram melhor consumo alimentar. Ressalta-se a necessidade de considerar a composição domiciliar ao planejar programas de promoção da alimentação saudável entre adolescentes.

O texto tem por objetivo avaliar indicadores produzidos a partir de dados do Censo da Educação Superior na perspectiva do acesso à Educação Superior Pública no Brasil. Para essa análise utilizou-se os indicadores definidos por Silva e Veloso (2013), que estabelecem para as dimensões do acesso os seguintes indicadores: Dimensão do Ingresso – indicadores - vagas, ingressos e formato seletivo; Dimensão da permanência – matrículas – taxa de trancamento e taxa de conclusão. No que refere as vagas, inscritos e ingressos, entre os anos de 2010 e 2019, houve aumento de vagas foi de cerca de 23,2%, de 75,8% no número de candidatos inscritos, e consequentemente uma maior relação candidato/vaga, e de 15,3% de ingressantes. Observa-se que as matrículas se concentraram na modalidade de ensino presencial, com cerca de 6,1 milhões de matrículas ofertadas nesta modalidade. Das cerca de 2,1 milhões as matrículas ocorridas na rede pública, em torno de 1,5 milhões dessas matrículas não estiveram vinculadas a programas de reserva de vagas. Entre as matrículas de estudantes que ingressaram por meio de reserva de vagas, verifica-se que apenas cerca de 32,0% estavam relacionadas a estudantes que participam de algum tipo de apoio social.  Entre os estudantes que ingressaram por meio de ampla concorrência, 15,4% dos estudantes participaram de algum tipo de apoio social.  As políticas públicas instituídas possibilitaram o ingresso de estudantes das escolas públicas e com vulnerabilidade social, entretanto as ações e programas ainda não afirmam a permanência nas instituições de educação superior com o objetivo de conclusão dos cursos.

No texto, discute-se indicadores da permanência do estudante na Educação Superior e estabelece eixos e reflexões com os fundamentos da formação acadêmica. Parte-se da premissa de que o modo como a instituição formadora se apresenta pode repercutir e dar sentido ao permanecer, ou, ao contrário, constituir motivos para não permanecer. Para cumprir o objetivo, utiliza-se pesquisa documental (dissertações, teses, textos acadêmicos, legislação) e dados estatísticos com base no INEP/MEC. Os resultados apontam que, de 2007 em diante, apesar do aporte crescente de recursos, a taxa de concluintes vem declinando. Na produção textual, há uma diversidade de explicações para a permanência (ou sua ausência), predominando estudos sobre estudantes em situação de vulnerabilidade e a necessidade da assistência estudantil. O referencial teórico norteador ressalta que um projeto formativo na perspectiva questionadora e contextualizada pode influenciar na permanência do estudante, ao criar possibilidades para integrá-lo e valorizá-lo. ABSTRACTThe paper discusses indicators of permanence in higher education and it establishes axes and reflections with fundamentals of academic education. It starts with the premise that the way as the educational institution presents itself can reverberate and make sense to remain, or, otherwise, it can build reasons for not to remain. To accomplish the goal, uses documentary research (dissertations, theses, academic papers, legislation) and statistical data, based on INEP/MEC. The results show that from 2007 henceforth, even considering the growing contribution of resources, the graduates’ rate is declining. In textual production there are a variety of explanations to the permanence (or its lack), which predominate studies about the students in vulnerable situations and the need of student assistance. The guiding theoretical framework highlights that a formative project in the questioning and contextualized perspective can influence the student to remain, to create possibilities to integrate it and value it.

Objective: To estimate the influence of socioeconomic factors on the variation in time spent by university students on physical activity after the first academic year. Methods: Quantitative longitudinal study of 348 full-time university students aged 16-25 years from the capital of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Change in time spent on moderate and vigorous physical activity was assessed in minutes per week through the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The following independent variables were analyzed: gender, age, race/skin color, economic class, students’ housemates and field of study. Multinomial regression analysis was used to check for associations between physical activity time variation in tertiles and the independent variables. Results: The overall change in median physical activity time in one year was -90.0 minutes/week. Students of higher socioeconomic status maintained the same physical activity time, while those in other socioeconomic classes showed a decrease in such time after the first year at university. After adjustments, lower economic class (OR=2.85; 95%CI= 1.26-6.43) and living in a shared house (OR=2.84; 95%CI= 1.26-6.38) were associated with decrease in time spent on physical activity. Conclusion: There was a decrease in time spent on physical activity among students belonging to the lower economic classes who lived in a shared house after the first year at university.