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INTRODUÇÃO: o tratamento das deformidades e más oclusões que incluem mordidas abertas anteriores foi uma das primeiras aplicações de miniplacas como forma de ancoragem ortodôntica. A implementação desse sistema de tratamento reduz o número de pacientes indicados para a cirurgia ortognática e simplifica muitos problemas. Nessa abordagem, os dentes posteriores são intruídos e a mandíbula sofre um giro no sentido anti-horário, diminuindo a altura facial inferior e projetando os pogônios de tecidos duro e mole. OBJETIVO: o presente artigo apresenta os fundamentos da mecânica ortodôntica para correção da mordida aberta anterior e os ilustra com uma série de casos clínicos.

Preschool children (n=721) aged between 4 and 5 years were examined and 60 were selected. Two pairs of dental casts were obtained for each child. The first pair was from primary dentition before eruption of permanent first molars; the second pair had the permanent first molars in occlusion. The sample was divided into 3 groups, according to the terminal plane. The findings indicate that 55% of the group with flush terminal plane developed into Class I, 40% into Class II, and 5% into Class III molar relationship in the permanent dentition. The group with mesial step, 70% progressed to Class I, 25% to Class II, and 5% to Class III molar relationship in the permanent dentition. Finally, the group with distal step developed into Class II in the permanent dentition. It can be concluded that the terminal relationship of deciduous second molars was associated with the permanent first molars occlusion.

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