The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked to increased psychological distress. To cope with this distress and boredom, individuals spend more time on the internet, especially university students who are at a greater risk for problematic Internet use (PIU). Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between boredom, distress tolerance, and problematic internet use. This study employed a qualitative approach using a survey. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect data. This study involved 363 participants among public university students. Three instruments used to measure the research variables are the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS), Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), and the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ). Descriptive analysis and Pearson Correlation tests were conducted using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings showed that boredom is significantly correlated with problematic internet use. However, there was no significant correlation between distress tolerance and problematic internet use.
Anger and anger regulation problems that result in aggressive behavior pose a serious problem for society. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between anger and aggression among drug-dependent males. Besides, this study also aims to investigate the differences between anger and aggression based on marital status and ethnicity. A total of 184 drug-dependent males from a drug rehabilitation center were involved in this study. The drug-dependent males were randomly selected to answer the questionnaire. The Novaco Anger Scale (NAS) was used to measure anger and anger regulation, while the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) was used to measure aggression. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The results revealed that there was a positive relationship between anger and aggression. There was also a negative relationship between anger regulation and aggression. Next, a negative relationship existed between anger regulation and anger aggression subscale, physical aggression subscale and hostility aggression subscale. In addition, there were significant differences in anger aggression and physical aggression subscales between married and unmarried drug-dependents. Nevertheless, there were no differences in anger, anger regulation, aggression, and the four subscales of aggression-anger aggression, physical aggression, hostility aggression and verbal aggression among ethnic groups. The implication of this study will be discussed further.
In today’s competitive job market, most graduates face obstacles in obtaining a job that matches their field and educational level. The lack of jobs related to graduates’ fields and educational levels and to industrial demand in the era of postmodernism has caused psychological tension among graduates. This study predicts that employed graduates who apply mature defence mechanisms show higher work performance compared to graduates who apply immature styles of psychological defence mechanisms. The study also predicts that graduates in matched positions tend to use mature defence mechanisms compared to graduates with job mismatches. To explore this phenomenon, 116 employed graduates from different academic backgrounds shared their views on using mature and immature coping mechanisms in their work performance. The study found that mature self-defence had a positive effect on work performance, while immature defence mechanisms did not show any effect on work performance. Concerning the use of mature and immature defence mechanisms in graduates with matched and mismatched employment, the study revealed that there is no difference between the two groups of graduates in using both types of psychological self-defence. The findings showed that the mature psychological defence mechanisms can be used to understand the factors that contribute to work performance. This can serve as guidance for employed graduates to better perform in their work. For employers, the findings can help them understand their employees’ psychological self-defence in dealing with work challenges in today’s world.
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