Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder in western countries. Previous studies on IBS, mostly based on faecal samples, suggest alterations in the intestinal microbiota. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the association between specific bacteria and IBS. We explore the alterations of intestinal bacterial communities in IBS using massive sequencing of amplified 16S rRNA genes. Mucosal biopsies of the ascending and descending colon and faeces from 16 IBS patients and 9 healthy controls were analysed. Strong inter-individual variation was observed in the composition of the bacterial communities in both patients and controls. These communities showed less diversity in IBS cases. There were larger differences in the microbiota composition between biopsies and faeces than between patients and controls. We found a few over-represented and under-represented taxa in IBS cases with respect to controls. The detected alterations varied by site, with no changes being consistent across sample types.

Incontinence-associated dermatitis: a cohort study in critically ill patients ABSTRACTObjectives: Estimate incidence, determine risk factors and propose a prediction model for the development of incontinence-associated dermatitis critically ill adult patients. Method: Concurrent cohort study with 157 critically ill patients. Data collection was daily performed between February and July 2015, at a public teaching hospital of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Data was entered in a database and subjected to descriptive, survival and multivariate analysis. Results: An overall incidence of 20.4% was obtained. Nineteen (19) risk factors significantly associated with the disorder were found. The variables identified in the risk prediction model were male, trauma, use of hypnotics/sedatives, lactulose, nutritional support, loose stools and complaints of burning. Conclusion:The results showed that dermatitis is a common clinical finding in critically ill adult patients and requires special attention from the nursing staff.

This is a descriptive study with the aim of examining the nursing diagnoses labels and actions prescribed by nurses in the clinical records of patients hospitalized in an Adult Intensive Care Unit. A sample of 44 clinical records was obtained and a total of 1087 nursing diagnoses and 2260 nursing actions were identified. After exclusion of repetitions 28 different nursing diagnoses labels and 124 different nursing actions were found. Twenty-five nursing diagnoses labels were related to human psychobiological needs and three to psychosocial needs. All the nursing actions were mapped to the physiological needs and also to interventions of the Nursing Interventions Classification-NIC. Concordance of 100% was obtained between the experts in the validation process of the mapping performed, both for the nursing diagnoses labels and actions. Similar studies should be conducted for the identification and development of nursing diagnoses and actions.

Objective: to assess the predictive validity of the Manchester Triage System implemented in a municipal hospital in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Method: cohort prospective and analytical study. The sample of 300 patients was stratified by color groups. The outcome measured was the scores, obtained by patients in each classification group in the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System -28, 24 hours after admission to the emergency department. Results: A total of 172 (57%) patients were men and the average age of all patients was 57.3 years old. The median score concerning the severity of their conditions was 6.5 points in the yellow group, 11.5 in the orange group, and 22 points in the red group. Statistically significant differences were found among the three groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: the data confirm that the conditions of patients within the color groups progressed at different levels of severity. Validez predictiva del Protocolo de Clasificación de Riesgo de Manchester: evaluación de la evolución de los pacientes admitidos en un pronto atendimientoObjetivo: evaluar la validez predictiva del protocolo de clasificación de riesgo de Manchester implantado en un hospital municipal de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Método: estudio de cohorte prospectivo y analítico. La muestra estratificada por colores de la clasificación fue de 300 pacientes. El final evaluado fue la puntuación por el Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System -28, lograda por los pacientes en cada grupo de clasificación después de 24 horas de la admisión en el servicio de urgencia. Resultados: entre los pacientes, 172 eran hombres (57%); la media de edad de los pacientes evaluados fue de 57,3 años. La mediana de puntuación del índice de gravedad en el grupo amarillo fue 6,5 puntos; en el grupo naranja, 11,5 puntos y, en el grupo rojo, 22 puntos, habiendo diferencia estadística significante entre los tres grupos (p<0,001). Conclusión: los datos refuerzan que los pacientes evolucionan con niveles de gravedad diferentes entre los grupos de colores de clasificación.

O modelo de Betty Neuman no cuidado ao doente com cateter venoso periférico The Betty Neuman model in the care of patients with a peripheral venous catheter El modelo de Betty Neuman en el cuidado al paciente con catéter venoso periférico

This descrip ve study was performed to iden fy the nursing diagnoses in the records of the inpa ents of an adult intensive care unit, and map the most frequent diagnosis according to the Fundamental Human Needs. The sample consisted of 44 pa ent records. A total of 1,087 nursing diagnoses were iden fi ed. A er excluding the repe ons, 28 diff erent diagnoses were iden fi ed. Twenty-fi ve diagnoses were related to psychobiological needs, and three to psychosocial needs. Further studies should iden fy, among the formulated nursing diagnoses and the aff ected human needs, which problems were solved and for what needs the care is predominantly developed. The present study results are important for the organiza on of teaching content for students and nurses, preparing them to consider human beings as a whole when providing care, considering their biological, emo onal, and spiritual aspects. DESCRIPTORS Nursing careNursing Diagnosis Classifi ca on Intensive Care Units Humaniza on of assistance RESUMOEstudo descri vo para iden fi car nos registros de prontuários de pacientes internados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de Adultos os diagnós cos de enfermagem e mapear os diagnós cos mais frequentes às Necessidades Humanas Básicas. Obteve-se uma amostra de 44 prontuários. Iden fi caram-se 1.087 diagnós cos de enfermagem. Após exclusão de repe ções, encontraram-se 28 diferentes tulos de diagnós cos. Vinte e cinco diagnós cos estavam relacionados às necessidades psicobiológicas, e três, às necessidades psicossociais. Sugere-se a realização de estudos que iden fi quem, entre os diagnós cos de enfermagem formulados e as necessidades humanas afetadas, quais foram solucionados e para quais necessidades são predominantemente elaborados os cuidados. Os resultados deste estudo são importantes para a organização de conteúdos de ensino para alunos e enfermeiros, preparando-os para que, ao prestar o cuidado, considerem o ser humano, tanto nos aspectos biológi-cos, como emocionais e espirituais.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of physical methods of reducing body temperature (ice pack and warm compression) in critically ill patients with fever. Method: A randomized clinical trial involving 102 adult patients with tympanic temperature ≥ 38.3°C of an infectious focus, and randomized into three groups: Intervention I -ice pack associated with antipyretic; Intervention II -warm compress associated with antipyretic; and Control -antipyretic. Tympanic temperature was measured at 15 minute intervals for 3 hours. The effect of the interventions was evaluated through the Mann-Whitney test and Survival Analysis. "Effect size" calculation was carried out. Results: Patients in the intervention groups I and II presented greater reduction in body temperature. The group of patients receiving intervention I presented tympanic temperature below 38.3°C at 45 minutes of monitoring, while the value for control group was lower than 38.3°C starting at 60 minutes, and those who received intervention II had values lower than 38.3°C at 75 minutes of monitoring. Conclusion: No statistically significant difference was found between the interventions, but with the intervention group I patients showed greater reduction in tympanic temperature compared to the other groups.

Experiência em cuidados paliativos à criança portadora de leucemia: a visão dos profissionais