It was observed that a greater proportion of maca intensified brownness and burnt aroma and taste, whereas a larger proportion of yacon produced a better appearance, softness, sweetness and chocolate flavor. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

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As the demand for healthier foods increases, the use of synthetic antioxidants in the food industry has been the subject of questions regarding food safety due to toxicity issues. Several researches are focused on the search for natural compounds that exhibit this functional property and many plant matrices were studied as potential sources of antioxidants (Cañadas et al., 2021;Fombang et al., 2020;Kumar et al., 2021;Santos et al., 2021). To obtain the antioxidants from plant matrices, the optimization of the extraction processes is an important challenge, including the choice of the extraction methodology (conventional and unconventional methods), the time and temperature of the process, sample/solvent ratio, the mixture of solvents, the solvent toxicity, and the preservation of the bioactive compounds during the process (

This study successfully applied a potentiometric E‐tongue with 20 cross‐selectivity lipidic polymeric membranes in the discrimination of three semi‐quantitative groups, that represented the following intervals of honey adulteration percentage with cane sugar: 0 %; [0, 10]%; [10, 20]% of adulteration. We analysed five different types of Portuguese honey; five brands of cane sugar were added to the adulterated samples; a comparative analysis was then performed. Linear discriminant analysis coupled with a tabu search algorithm for feature selection was applied to the ETongue's analytical data to select the best model. A discriminant model with 12 sensors was obtained. This model classified correctly all samples in both in internal (train data, 15 samples) and external validation (test data,10 samples). Also, multiple linear regression with tabu search was applied to verify if ETongue's data would allow quantifying the honey's adulteration level. The results showed that it was possible to obtain a quantitative model but with unsatisfactory predictive performance in the test data group (external validation), giving, in general, values below the expected concentrations. E‐tongue is a real‐time green, flexible and low‐cost analytical tool that requires minimum sample preparation and no special technical skills, being a promising tool for everyday application.

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