El presente estudio presenta evidencias de validez convergente del MBQS 3.1 con la versión 2.1 y de validez de criterio con el Attachment Q-Sort (AQS). La muestra estuvo conformada por 27 madres peruanas con hijos de ocho a once meses de edad y de nivel socioeconómico bajo de Lima. La edad promedio fue de 27.96 años (DE=6.02) y la mayoría reportó estudios secundarios (63%). Se encontró una fuerte y positiva asociación entre las versiones 2.1 y 3.1 (r=.76, p<.01). Los perfiles de conducta materna del MBQS 3.1, sensible, conectada y sincrónica, correlacionaron entre sí con valores mayores a .90 (p<.01). Finalmente, se obtuvo una correlación de .44 (p<.05) con el AQS. El MBQS 3.1 muestra adecuados índices de validez lo cual resulta favorable para su uso en la medición de la sensibilidad materna en el contexto peruano.
According to attachment theory, mental representations are defined as dynamic cognitive guides that organize both perceptual and behavioral aspects of the self, attachment figure, and relationships with others. Based on this assumption, several studies had reported a relationship between attachment representations and the quality of care provided by mothers to their infants. This study explored on the relationship between maternal attachment representations, assessed by a narrative script task, and the quality of maternal care observed at home. Participants were 32 mothers between 19 and 44 years of age (M = 29.6, SD = 6.28) and their children between 8 and 10 months (M = 8.91, SD = 0.96). The results did not show a significant relationship between global scores of participants' observed care (i.e., maternal sensitivity) and their attachment representations. However, a specific association was found between two dimensions of sensitivity (acceptance and active/animated interactions) and the narrative script that refers to a child's physical injury event. Additionally, mothers who reported early separation experiences with their children showed a significant association between sensitivity and attachment representations on mother-child scripts. Moreover, these mothers showed lower scores on global sensitivity and on specific behavioral care dimensions, such as sensitive response and acceptance to child's signals, than those of mothers that did not report separations early in their children' lives.
This randomized pilot study explored the viability and effectiveness of the Video-feedback Intervention to Promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD) for improving sensitivity in a group of 14 mothers of lower and upper socioeconomic status in Lima, Peru. Maternal sensitivity was assessed using the Maternal Behaviour Q-Set 3.1, based on the observation of one hour of free interactions at home. The effectiveness of the intervention was calculated on the basis of the difference between pre-and post-intervention sensitivity scores. Overall, we found no significant differences between the intervention group and the control group; however, when participants were sorted based on their pre-intervention sensitivity levels, low-sensitivity mothers who participated in the VIPP-SD program showed a significant improve in global sensitivity and in the Sensitive vs. Insensitive and Disengaged profiles, compared to low-sensitivity mothers in the control group. These findings are an initial contribution to establishing the viability and effectiveness of the VIPP-SD for the improvement of maternal sensitivity, especially for groups of low-sensitivity mothers in situations of greater psychosocial vulnerability.
El presente estudio busca describir las características de las representaciones de apego de dos madres clasificadas con un estado mental de apego no resuelto, así como las características particulares de la interacción con su hijo/a: la calidad de su cuidado y la seguridad del apego del niño/a. Para las representaciones se empleó la Entrevista de Apego Adulto, para evaluar el cuidado de las madres el Maternal Behavior Q-Set 2.1, y la seguridad en el apego del niño/a se evaluó a través del Attachment Q-Set 3.0. Los resultados muestran que a pesar de que ambas madres tienen un apego no resuelto en función a experiencias de abuso vividas en la infancia, la sub-clasificación (apego Seguro en un caso e Inseguro en otro) está asociada a diferencias en la manera de percibir y responder a las necesidades de su hijo/a y en la seguridad del apego de éstos últimos.
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