Recently the role of adipocytokines in relationship to incidence of diabetes has been demonstrated. One of the medicinal plants that are used in the treatment of diabetes is stevia. This study investigates the effect of stevia on serum omentin and visfatin levels as novel adipocytokines in diabetic induced rats to find potential mechanisms for the anti hyperglycemic effect of stevia. Forty male wistar rats weighing 180-250 g were induced with diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The animals were divided into 5 groups of 8. Rats in group 1 (non-diabetic control) and group 2 (diabetic control) were treated with distilled water, and the rats in the treated groups, group 3 (T250), group 4 (T500), and group 5 (T750) were treated with stevia, gavaged every day at 9 a.m. in doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg, respectively. At the end of the study significant reductions in fasting blood sugar (FBS), the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride (TG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Omentin level were found in groups 3 and 4 in comparison with group 2. Pancreatic histopathology slides demonstrated that stevia extract did not induce any increase in the number of β-cells. The conclusion is that prescription of stevia in the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg/d decreases the omentin level indirectly via activating insulin sensitivity and lowering blood glucose in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
Burns are the most damaging kind of injuries, major global public health crisis and the fourth most common types of trauma. Decision making in the treatment of burns remains a challenge despite existence of improved assessment techniques and treatment procedures. One of the most complications in healing of burn tissues is necrosis. Several medicinal plants were used to treat skin disorders as burn wounds and necrosis so far. In our traditional medicine, one of the non-surgical methods for debridement of necrotic tissues is using toasted barley in sesame oil. Animal was used, because of the lack of previous scientific research about this herbal mixture for debridement of necrotic tissue. After being anesthetized, the second-degree burns were created in rats. Animals were divided into group I, not treated (control group) and group II treated with fibrinolysin ointment 3% (positive control group). Groups III, IV and V were treated with 1, 3 and 5% w/w doses of toasted barley in sesame oil, respectively. Histopathological and clinical findings showed that treated tissues, especially at dose of 5% w/w were more debrided. Therefore, with respect to our results, this herbal based compound can be used as remedy for debridement of necrotic tissue.
Objectives: Luminal epithelial basement membrane of endometrial has a major role in implantation. Studies have shown that the rate of successful implantation in stimulatory cycles is less than natural cycles due to detrimental effects of super ovulation drugs on endometrial tissue.The aim of this study is to determine the changes of basement membrane of human endometrial due to the effects of stimulatory drugs. Material & Methods: Endometrial tissue samples with natural cycle (N= 10, control group), and stimulation cycles (N= 10, test group) at the time of implantation (120 h after injection of HCG) were prepared. Ovulation was done by injection of agonists GnRH and HMG. The specimens were processed for electron microscopic study. Qualitative study of electron density, and quantitative study increased thickness of basement membrane) were performed on micrograph. The data was analyzed using test. Results: The qualitative study showed a significant increase of electron density basement membranes in e test group. The quantitative study indicated that some parameter of basement membrane such as overall thickness, dark and clear was significantly increased in test group compared to control group. This difference was statistically significant (P≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Considering the above findings, it can be concluded that super ovulation drugs may lead to low implantation rate by affecting the luminal epithelial basement membrane of the endometrium 1.
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