Objectives Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a commonly reported cancer in men and is second only to breast cancer in women in Pakistan.. Investigations for identifying biomarkers of OSCC are essential for diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic significance. This study aims to examine the miR-31 expression in the pre- and post-operative OSCC patients and correlate this expression with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods Patients with histopathologically confirmed OSCC who had undergone surgical resections of tumours were recruited. A total of 40 saliva samples (pre- and post-operative) were collected from 19 patients and two healthy individuals. Levels of salivary miR-31 expressions were examined through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results The salivary miR-31 expression was significantly higher in the preoperative patients than in postoperative patients ( p < 0.001). However, no significant correlation had been found between the salivary miR-31 expression and clinicopathological characteristics ( p > 0.05). Conclusion Our data suggest that miR-31 can be used as an adjunct non-invasive marker to monitor surgery outcomes during postoperative follow-up in patients with OSCC.