Study Design and Setting A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based research was carried out. The questionnaires were filled by a total of 350 dental house surgeons who were working in various dental colleges of Islamabad and Rawalpindi in Pakistan. Objectives The objective was to assess the knowledge and mentality of dental house surgeons regarding the proper use, application and limitations of denture adhesives. Methodology A survey questionnaire was distributed among the dental house surgeons (n = 350). Cross tabulations were done and the Pearson’s Chi‑square test was used to compare the variables using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (P ≤ 0.05). Results Approximately, 85.5% of house surgeons who answered the questionnaire had learnt some of the basics about adhesives as part of their undergraduate studies. 73% agreed that Adhesives can be useful in aiding the stabilization and retention of dentures, and 95% agreed that dentists should inform denture patients about the proper use. However only a relatively small percentage (38%) routinely informed patients about the potential misuse of adhesives as part of their instructions. Conclusion Majority of the house surgeons had sound knowledge about DAs and agreed for the need to increase patient awareness towards these products. Sufficient dentist and patient knowledge towards denture adhesives is paramount in establishing patient satisfaction and knowledge towards dentures usage. Key words Denture adhesives, Awareness, Knowledge, Questionnaire
Objective: To find the frequency and association of depression and suicidal ideation in young adults.Study design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in different areas of Pakistan, including Lahore andKarachi with the main population participating from the Islamabad and Rawalpindi region from May 2016 toAugust 2016.Materials and Methods: Printed and online versions of the questionnaire were filled by conveniently availableyoung adults in different cities of Pakistan between the ages of 15-25 years. Questionnaires were designed inthree parts: Part 1 comprised demographics. Part 2 was the Goldberg Depression Questionnaire which is usedfor depression screening, while Part 3 was the SBQ-R® used to identify individuals having suicide ideation andthose at risk of carrying out a suicide attempt.Results: A high proportion of individuals were in the range of mild-moderate depression, 87 (43.7%), while ahigh proportion of individuals, 139 (69.8%), possessed a suicide score range of 3-6, which corresponds to a verylow suicide attempt risk. The highest suicide score was between 16-18 and was possessed by only 2 (1%)individuals, while the highest depression score, which was any value above 54, was possessed by 45 (22.6%)individuals. Also, with increasing suicide score, the frequency seemed to decrease; 32 (16.1%) for a score rangeof 7-9, 15 (7.5%) for 10-12 score range and 11 (5.5%) for a score range of 13-15. However, the correlationcoefficient between the two had a value of +0.5, so there was a marked positive correlation.Conclusion: The frequency of depression in young adults was considerably high since many of the participantswere exposed to mild, moderate as well as severe depression. Also, there was a positive correlation betweendepression and suicide scores which predicted that depression can be a cause of suicide ideation and attempts.As the depression levels increased, the frequency of suicide tendencies was also salient. How to cite this: Anwar P, Salman R, Zahra M, Tufail R, Sohail RS, Arshad L. Frequency of Depression and Suicidal Thoughts in Young Adults of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Life and Science. 2022; 3(4): 168-173. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.233
Objectives: To determine the Awareness, Attitude and Practices related to Covid-19 in general public of twin cities of Pakistan.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted across the twin cities, Islamabad and Rawalpindi in the months of August and October 2021. An adaptive cross sectional study was conducted, utilizing self administered questionnaires, distributed amongst patients above 15 years old in multiple hospitals. Confi dentiality and voluntary participation was ensured in the collection of data throughout the study. Results: About 305 patients participated in this study, of which 185 (60.3%) were male and 122 (39.7%) were females. Results showed that majority of the 188 participants (61.2%) believe that Covid-19 spreads due to close contact with an infected person. 177 participants (57.7%) believe that it spreads by coughing, followed by 50 (16.3%) participants believing transmission is due to touching contaminated surfaces. Around 86.3% (265 participants) say that the symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, cough and diffi culty breathing. When asked about prevention; washing hands with soap and water, wearing masks, maintaining social distance, avoiding touching nose and eyes with hands and avoiding contact with infected people were the most chosen options by the participants. 229 participants (74.6%) claimed to have arranged for hand washing with soap inside or outside their houses and 133 participants (43.3%) had temporarily closed their homes for outside people. Conclusion: The general public are well-aware regarding the current COVID-19 pandemic, having basic knowledge of its modes of transmission, prevention and treatment of the disease.
Background: Crowns and multi-unit fixed partial dentures have a limited lifetime. They fail for a number of reasons. The removal of provisional crowns and bridges is generally simple, however for permanent crowns, it becomes more challenging. Careful removal of FPD can help a dentist simplify a resto or endo procedure. The aim of this article was to analyze the different methods available for the removal of crowns and bridges and their awareness among dental practitioners Study Design & location: This was a cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled by a total of 250 general and specialist dentists who were practicing in various individual and group-based dental practices as well as private and government setups of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Methodology: The questionnaire comprised a total of 13 questions to find out dentists' views about the usage of different system’s available for dental crowns and FPD removal. Participants were selected by random sampling. The results were then analyzed using SPSS version 23. Frequencies, percentages of different variables used in the study were calculated to identify the co-relation among different attributes. P-value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study reflected that out of those who answered, 247 dental professionals (98.5 %) preferred using hemostats or Morrell sliding hammer or a combination of both as they offered better control of force. A small percentage (approx 2%) of dentists used diamond or carbide burs as their first preference to trim off old crowns. Clinicians rarely used laser due to its high cost and less availability and its effectiveness primarily related to Porcelain jacket/ Zirconium crowns. Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that the majority of dentists preferred Morrell type crown remover with sliding hammer due to its ease of availability, universal acceptance, simple to use and because as it offered better control of force as opposed to spring-lock type Keywords: Crown and bridge removal, Crown and bridge disassembly, Crown and bridge failure.
Endocrowns are a conservative and aesthetic treatment option for restoration of extensively destructed posterior teeth. Themain advantage is the fact that there is no need for imprudent preparation of the access cavity as done for post and corebuildups. Moreover, the clinical visits are less time-consuming and less frequent unlike the ones for post and core buildupsand subsequent crown preparation. This case report features the case of a coronally damaged maxillary first molar treatedby zirconium endocrown following endodontic treatment
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