Introduction: Continuing education is a process that promotes the ability of the medical community and lifelong learning. Due to fact that, the existence of suitable platform as one of the main factors in effectiveness of continuing education, a thorough knowledge of faculty members' experiences participating in continuing education programs enable us to identify the needs and influential factors in promoting and performing continuous education programs at the university. This qualitative research has been done to explain faculty members' experiences about participating in Continuing Education Programs at Guilan university of Medical Sciences in 2017-2016. Methods: This is a qualitative study (content analysis). The research population was faculty member of Guilan University of Medical Sciences with a history of participating in at least three continuing education programs that selected through targeted sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews. A qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The strength, accuracy and accuracy of the research were studied using Guba & Lincoln criteria. Results: Based on findings, the three main themes and Nine sub-themes were: "continuous strategic education" (learning commitment, effective self-assessment, exchange of ideas/ "push for coercion of education" (the vacuum of inner thriller, the challenges of work, company only for obtaining a certificate/ "Shaky background)" poor teaching, planning malfunction, inefficient evaluation. Conclusion: results show that, faculty members' experiences of participating in continuing education programs including both effective and inefficient experiences so apply proper and efficient planning in order to creating more motivation is necessary.
Introduction: Elderly when faced with different types of stressors, employ various coping strategies that are associated with different consequences for their physical and mental health. This study aimed to identify the stressors and coping strategies were employed in Elderly of East of Guilan. Methods: This study was cross-sectional correlational-analytic. In this study, 124 elderly over 60 years old randomly selected from East Guilan's Retirement Centers and their demographic factors, stressors in elderly and coping strategies examined using Endler and Parker questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software and t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The results showed that the most frequent stressor is related to the empty nest (766.5 ± 81.26) and women reported more stress than men did (144.10 ± 26.495). The most used coping strategy by studied elderly was emotion-focused strategy (129.10 ± 69.51). Conclusions: In this study, the most stressor was the empty nest; the most used coping strategies were emotion-focused, and running away from the problem. Therefore, due to the need to take appropriate coping strategies in older people, paying attention to this valuable group of society and also organizing education and counseling programs for these people and their families is important.
Introduction and purpose: Stress is an effective factor that influences physical and mental health status of elderly. This study aimed to identify determinants of stress among retired elderly.
Background & Aims: One of the most common diseases during old age is cardiovascular disease. Heart failure is the leading cause of death, disease, hospitalization, and poor quality of life. There are different approaches for controlling heart failure, including self-care, and adherence to self-care behaviors in patients suffering from this disease is very important. People with effective self-care have a better quality of life, and mortality and readmission rates are lower among these people than those with poor self-care. Medication adherence, diet adherence, rest, improving sleep quality and life quality, knowing how to control emotions, and self-care could help control the complications and problems associated with this disease. Meanwhile, knowing how to perform self-care is very important. Despite the importance of self-care in positive health outcomes, many patients with heart failure have inadequate self-care behaviors. Considering the role of nurses in health promotion and instruction of self-care behaviors, they can plan interventions to promote the patients' self-care behaviors and consequently the quality of life in patients diagnosed with heart failure. The present study aimed to determine selfcare status in older adults diagnosed with heart failure. Materials & Methods: This article reports part of the results of a larger cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of the elderly with heart failure hospitalized in the cardiovascular intensive care units of East Guilan public hospitals in 2020. A sample of 125 patients was selected from the population via convenience sampling. The sample of the study met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were: age 60 years and older, heart failure based on clinical signs, electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography showing an ejection fraction of less than 40%, functional class II to IV based on the patient medical file and the approval of a cardiologist, the ability to communicate, and informed consent to participate in the study. Patients with severe mental or cognitive impairments, history of neurological problems, cerebrovascular accidents, transient ischemic attack, short-term memory impairment or dementia, mental instability (according to medical records), inability to speak, auditory and visual impairments, and Charlson comorbidity index of 1-2 were not included in the study, and the exclusion criteria included incomplete completion of the questionnaire and unwillingness to continue collaborating in the study. The research instruments included demographic characteristics questionnaire and the self-care of heart failure index (SCHFI) questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the reliability of the SCHFI in the present study which was 0.82. Sampling lasted from late May to December 2020. Having obtained permission from the ethics committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences and relevant officials, the researcher referred to the mentioned medical centers, selected the research units, introduced himself, provided suf...
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